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  3. America is the land of the automobile. This country has only 6 percent of the world’s population out of 46 percent of the world’

America is the land of the automobile. This country has only 6 percent of the world’s population out of 46 percent of the world’

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问题     America is the land of the automobile. This country has only 6 percent of the world’s population out of 46 percent of the world’s cars. Right now, there are 97 million privately owned cars consuming 75 billion gallons of gasoline and traveling an estimated 1 000 billion miles a year. The figures also affirm something we know every time we refill our gasoline tank. The automobile is a very thirsty piece of technology. Of the total petroleum supply in the United States, 30 percent goes to quench (压制，解渴) that thirst. Every year for each passenger car, about 800 gallons of gasoline are consumed.
    Other aspects of our commitment to the automobile also bear mentioning here. It takes a great deal of energy to manufacture one automobile—about 150 million BTUs of energy. This is equivalent to 1 200 gallons of gasoline, enough to run a car for about 1 600 miles. We expend energy in the process of shipping cars from factories to showrooms, displaying them for sale and making replacement parts for repairs. One out of six jobs in the nation is associated with the automobile business. About two gallons of gasoline are consumed in the process of making every ten gallons that are pumped into an automobile’s gas tank.
    Building highways and parking lots has used up much of our land. It has been estimated that we have paved over 21 000 square miles of this country’s surface, most of it to accommodate (容 纳) the automobile. The automobile is also the largest contributor to our nation’s air pollution problem and a very serious one because most of its pollutants are emitted in our large metropolitan (大都市) areas. Aside from the great impact that would occur if everyone seriously practiced conservation, one should stop and think about his own casual use of the automobile. There are numerous situations where better planning and awareness could really make a difference in energy savings and dollars. Because the automobile uses the largest percentage of energy in an average American family’s energy budget and almost half of the dollars, the impetus for savings is tremendous.
Most people do not realize that______.
选项 A、oil resources could someday run out
B、automobile speed lowers energy efficiency
C、gasoline is more expensive than home heating oil
D、the manufacture of the automobile requires much energy
答案D
解析 本题问大多数人还没有认识到什么。文章第二段指出，我们对汽车在其他方面的投入在此也值得一提。制造一辆汽车用去大量的能源，大约用掉1．5亿个英制热能单位的能源，这相当于1 200加仑的汽油，足够一辆车行驶1 600英里。另外，将汽车从工厂运输到展销室销售还要消耗能源，还要制造备件用于修理。全国有1／6的工作均与汽车行业有关。制造每10加仑加入汽车油箱里的汽油需要消耗大约两加仑汽油。因此，本题的正确答案应是D“制造汽车也需要大量的能源”。
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