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  3. Even in the absence of definitive science on the potential hazards surrounding the use of electronic cigarettes, regulations are

Even in the absence of definitive science on the potential hazards surrounding the use of electronic cigarettes, regulations are

admin2016-11-09  58
问题     Even in the absence of definitive science on the potential hazards surrounding the use of electronic cigarettes, regulations are needed now to head off health concerns. One such restriction should be a ban on indoor use of the devices. That’s according to a new report published by the World Health Organization (WTO) on August 26. Electronic cigarettes "represent an evolving frontier, filled with promise and threat for tobacco control." The popular devices deliver an aerosolized (雾化的) solution to users by heating a nicotine solution that users breathe in.
    In the past nine years the e-cigarette industry has exploded to include more than 400 brands in a roughly $3-billion industry. Yet flavorings that attract children, poor quality control between brands and apparent rapid experimentation among adolescent users have triggered growing fears that e-cigs are a new gateway drug. The U.S. CDC reported earlier this week that more than a quarter million youth who had never smoked traditional tobacco cigarettes used e-cigs last year— representing a roughly three-fold increase from 2011 to 2013.
    The WHO report recommends that countries regulate the e-cigarette industry by such means as blocking e-cig manufacturers from making health claims about the devices that suggest they are effective aids for quitting smoking, banning e-cig use in public places and restricting advertising for the products. Other recommendations in the report include subjecting the devices to the same inspection and monitoring typical for tobacco products, restricting sales to minors and possibly requiring health warnings on the packaging.
    Most of these gadgets "have not been tested by independent scientists, but the limited testing has revealed wide variations in the nature of the toxicity of contents and emissions." Factors including how long and deep users puff on e-cigarettes, the lack of uniformity in the e-cig flavoring solutions and the possibility that users could potentially overdose on the nicotine found in the liquid—or that the drug may contribute to other health risks—must all be considered, the agency says. The WHO recommends that smokers attempting to quit should first turn to tried-and-true methods such as the patch and nicotine gum before turning to e-cigarettes.
    The U.S. Food and Drug Administration in April proposed regulations for e-cigarettes that have not yet been finalized. Those regulations, if implemented, would block youths from buying e-cigarettes and require health warnings on the products. They would not, however, ban advertising or online sales, which critics contend allow minors easy access to the devices.
According to Paragraph 4, all the following are problems with e-cigarettes EXCEPT________.
选项 A、inadequate testing
B、discrepancy in toxicity
C、different flavoring solutions
D、inevitable addiction to nicotine
答案D
解析 文章第四段第一句说明对电子香烟的测试不仅是limited(有限的)，而且测试人不是“独立的科学家”。后面的wide variations in the nature of the toxicity of contents表明电子香烟产生的“毒性差异很大"。第二句有the lack of uniformity，in the e-cig flavoring solutions，说明电子香烟中的增味液体不是统一的，后面的the possibility that users could potentially overdose on the nicotine意味着“有可能成瘾”，但不是“必然的"。
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