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  3. While crime is up around the nation and spread out across cities in a broad pattern, the majority of people convicted of crimes

While crime is up around the nation and spread out across cities in a broad pattern, the majority of people convicted of crimes

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问题     While crime is up around the nation and spread out across cities in a broad pattern, the majority of people convicted of crimes come from very few and very concentrated neighborhoods. More than 50% of adult male prisoners from New York City come from just 14 districts in Manhattan, the Bronx and Brooklyn even though men in those 14 areas make up just 17% of the city’s total population. Why does this matter? Because, say Eric Cadora and Charles Swartz, who run the Justice Mapping Center, if you can pinpoint the few-block area that produces the most criminals, you can create programs that specifically target the problems of the people who live there and help them avoid the behaviors that land them in jail. That, in return, could save millions of dollars. New York State spends $ 42,000 on an inmate a year. Multiply that by the number of prisoners who grew up on the same streets in parts of Harlem, the Bronx and Brooklyn, and you get what Cadora calls "million-dollar blocks" because that’s what it costs the state to keep criminals from those areas behind bars bars. It’s hard to argue that this money couldn’t be better spent.
    Some communities are saying no. Framing the debate as One of economics rather than simply social justice can provide political cover for officials to try out innovative alternatives to traditional incarceration. In the vanguard of this movement was the juvenile-justice department of Deschutes County, Ore. ,which about 10 years ago made a deal with the state: if Deschutes reduced the number of juveniles it sent to state-run detention centers, Oregon would give back to the county the money that it had been spending to incarcerate those Deschutes kids. By giving up 16 out of 26 beds for young offenders at the state facility, Deschutes received nearly $ 4 million over seven years and put that money toward what it called the Community Youth Investment Program. The county assigned social workers to provide guidance and parenting skills in homes with newborns who had at least one parent on probation or parole. It began screening kindergartners for antisocial tendencies; those most at risk were singled out for special attention.
    Teens continued to assault people and steal cars. But instead of going to the state-run jail, those caught and convicted had to make various community-building compensations like apologizing to the victim, paying restitution and participating in service projects or apprenticeships. In seven years the county’s youth-incarceration rate dropped 25%, and the number of teens who received summons or were arrested for crimes went down 28%. According to Bob, who runs the county’s juvenile system, young people are "making the connection between the crime they committed and the harm to the community. " The state, however, may take more convincing. Because of budget cuts, Oregon stopped funding the program in 2003. The community-based justice initiative is now paid for by Deschutes, but money for some of the preventive measures is likely to run out this summer.
The tone of the author at the end is
选项 A、regretful.
B、optimistic.
C、dissatisfied.
D、pessimistic.
答案A
解析 在本文最后，作者的语气是[A]遗憾的。[B]乐观的。[C]不满意的。[D]悲观的。从文章末尾的but money…out this summer可以看出，作者对该举措由于资金问题不能继续进行感到遗憾。[B]和[C]均背离文意；文章前面部分都是作者在客观地陈述该举措，并没有表现出悲观情绪，排除[D]“悲观的”。故选[A]。
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