2. 外语
  3. We know that it is impossible to set up a limited number of types that would do full justice to the peculiarities of thousands o

We know that it is impossible to set up a limited number of types that would do full justice to the peculiarities of thousands o

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问题     We know that it is impossible to set up a limited number of
types that would do full justice to the peculiarities of thousands of【S1】______
languages and dialects spoken on the surface of the earth. Like all
human institutions, speech is too variable and too elusive to be quite
safely ticketed. Even if we operate with a minutely subdivided scale
of types, we may be quite certain that many of our languages will
need trim before they fit. To get them into the scheme at all it will【S2】______
be necessary to underestimate the significance of this or that feature【S3】______
or to ignore, for the time being, certain contradictions in their
mechanism. It would be too easy to relieve ourselves from the
burden of constructional thinking and to take the standpoint that【S4】______
each language has its unique history, therefore its unique structure.
Such a standpoint expresses only a half truth. Just as similar social,
economic, and religious institutions have grown up in different parts
of the world from distinct historical antecedents, so also languages,
travel along different roads, have tended to converge toward similar【S5】______
forms. Moreover, the historical study of language has proven to us
beyond all doubt that a language changes not only gradually but
consistently, that it moves unconsciously from one type towards
others, and that analogous trends are observable in remote quarters【S6】______
of the globe. From this it follows that broadly similar study must not【S7】______
have been reached by unrelated languages, independently and
frequently. In assuming the existence of comparable types, however,【S8】______
we are not denying the individuality of all historical processes; we
are merely affirming that back of the face of history is powerful drifts【S9】______
that move language, like other social products, to balance patterns.【S10】______
【S4】
选项
答案constructional—constructive
解析 近义词误用。constructional和constructive均可表示“构造的”，但前者更强调建筑等实物的结构性，后者可修饰抽象的概念，如constructive suggestion“建设性的意见”。本句要表达的意思是“我们太容易放弃建设性的想法了”。
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