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  3. Most episodes of absent-mindedness—forgetting where you left something or wondering why you just entered a room—are caused by a

Most episodes of absent-mindedness—forgetting where you left something or wondering why you just entered a room—are caused by a

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问题     Most episodes of absent-mindedness—forgetting where you left something or wondering why you just entered a room—are caused by a simple lack of attention, says Schacter. "You’re supposed to remember something, but you haven’t encoded it deeply. "
    Encoding, Schacter explains, is a special way of paying attention to an event that has a major impact on recalling it later. Failure to encode properly can create annoying situations. If you put your mobile phone in a pocket, for example, and don’t pay attention to what you did because you’re involved in a conversation, you’ll probably forget that the phone is in the jacket now hanging in your wardrobe (衣柜). " Your memory itself isn’t failing you," says Schacter. " Rather you didn’t give your memory system the information it needed. "
    Lack of interest can also lead to absent-mindedness. "A man who can recite sports statistics from 30 years ago," says Zelinski, "may not remember to drop a letter in the mailbox. " Women have slighdy better memories than men possibly because they pay more attention to their environment and memory relies on just that. Visual cues can help prevent absent-mindedness says Schacter. " But be sure the cue is clear and available," he cautions. If you want to remember to take a medication (药物) with lunch, put the pill bottle on the kitchen table— don’t leave it in the medicine chest or write yourself a note that you keep in a pocket.
    Another common episode of absent-mindedness is walking into a room and wondering why you’re there. Most likely you were thinking about something else. "Everyone does this from time to time," says Zelinski. The best thing to do is to return to where you were before entering the room and you’ll likely remember.
What do we learn from the last paragraph?
选项 A、If we focus our attention on one thing, we might forget anodier.
B、Memory depends to a certain extent on the environment.
C、Repetition helps improve our memory.
D、If we keep forgetting diings, we’d better return to where we were.
答案A
解析 细节推理题。最后一段告诉我们健忘的另一个原因：当你走进一个房间却疑惑你为什么进去，很可能的原因是你正在想其他的事情(walking into a room andwondering why you’re there．Most likely you were thinking about something else．)。此句与选项A意思相近：如果你把注意力放在一件事情上，可能就会忘记另一件事情(Ifwe focus our attention on one thing，we might forget another)，可以替换。
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