首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Read the following passage. The British Library owns a fourteenth-century handwritten book containing four poems considered
Read the following passage. The British Library owns a fourteenth-century handwritten book containing four poems considered
admin
2022-06-28
85
问题
Read the following passage.
The British Library owns a fourteenth-century handwritten book containing four poems considered to be among the finest of the English Middle Ages. The unknown author is referred to as the Pearl Poet after the title of one of the poems in the manuscript. Several theories have been put forward about the Pearl Poet’s identity.
One theory suggests that the Pearl Poet was John Massey. John was known to have lived in northwest England, where the poems of the Pearl manuscript were produced. Moreover, the surviving manuscript of John’s poem, Saint Erkenwald, is in the same handwriting as the British Library’s manuscript of the poems of the Pearl Poet. These facts make a good argument that the Pearl Poet was John Massey.
According to a second theory, the fourteenth-century poet known as little Hugh authored the poems. Historical records indicate that little Hugh wrote a poem called The Adventure of Gawain, which some have hypothesized is the same as one of the four Pearl Poet’s poems, Sir Gawain and the Green Knight. The poems of the Pearl Poet make extensive use of alliteration—pairs of adjacent words that begin with the same consonant sound (for example, large lake) —and it is known that little Hugh wrote alliterative verse. The shared subject matter and use of alliteration support the identity of little Hugh as the Pearl Poet.
A third theory argues that the four poems in the manuscript were in fact written by several authors rather than a single one. The only thing all the poems have in common is that they mention places in the same region of England. So perhaps the manuscript represents a collection of poems by several authors from the same region.
Now listen to part of a lecture on the topic you just read about.
Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they respond to the specific points made in the reading passage.
While the suggestions for the Pearl Poet’s identity may sound plausible, once we consider all the facts, they’re not convincing.
First, John Massey. It’s true that the manuscript of John Massey’s poem, Saint Erkenwald, and the manuscript of the Pearl Poet are in the same handwriting, but this does not mean that their author was the same person. In the 14th century, books were reproduced by copying and so, most handwritten books from that period are in fact, not the original documents written by their authors, but copies made by professional copyists, so all that the handwriting similarity means is that John’s poem and the Pearl Poet’s poems were copied by the same person.
Second, it’s true that little Hugh and the Pearl Poet both used alliteration and wrote a poem about a character called Gawain, but despite this connection they were probably not the same person since their poems were written in different dialects of English. At that time, people from different regions of England used quite different varieties, or dialects, of English. All little Hugh’s surviving poems are in the regional dialect spoken in Yorkshire, but the Pearl Poet wrote in a very different dialect of English from a different region of England, so little Hugh was probably not the writer of the Pearl Poet’s poems.
Finally, there probably was a single Pearl Poet. The similarity among the poems goes beyond mentioning the same places. The poems of the Pearl’s manuscript also share the same vocabulary. There’re some very uncommon words that appear in two or more of the poems. Some of these words appear in no other works of literature. It’s very unlikely that several different writers would’ve used the same unique words. The shared vocabulary is a strong indication that all four poems were written by a single author.
选项
答案
The reading passage proposed three theories concerning the identity of the Pearl Poet, the author of a manuscript of four poems owned by the British Library. The lecturer, however, argues that none of these theories is convincing. The first theory links the Pearl Poet to John Massey, as John lived in the same place where the manuscript was produced, and the handwriting of a poem by John is identical to that of the poems. But the lecturer points out that the majority of the manuscripts then were transcribed by specialized copyists. The same handwriting only indicates that those poems are copied by the same copyist. The second theory believes that the author is little Hugh, based on the evidence that little Hugh’s poems and the Pearl Poet’s poems have the same subject matter and both feature alliterative verses. However, the lecturer refutes that the poems of these two authors were written in dramatically different dialects of English; therefore, the author should have come from a region different from little Hugh’s region. The third theory argues that the poems were composed by multiple authors from the same region in England, as the only similarity shared by all the poems is the mentioning of places of one region. This theory is not convincing too. According to the lecturer, their similarities are more than that; these four poems also employ the same unique diction, including some very uncommon words. It is unlikely that different writers would have chosen the exact same words by chance.
解析
题目:许多电影制作人根据书籍制作电影。有些人喜欢先看书再看电影,有些人喜欢先看电影后看书。你倾向于哪种做法?为什么?
本题属于“二选一”的类型,要求考生选择:在观看基于书籍制作的电影时,是“先看书再看电影”,还是“先看电影后看书”。本题问的是考生的喜好,因此,在文章开头可以就题目先评论几句,并补充例子,以此扩充题目的背景,更加自然地引出话题。然后明确说明自己的选择,再谈理由。理由可以从正反两方面展开,提出自己选择某种做法的原因,和自己不选择另一种做法的原因。这个题目比较主观,所以可以多举一些自身的例子,使文章更生动立体。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/TOfO777K
0
托福(TOEFL)
相关试题推荐
Completethenotesbelow.WriteONEWORDONLYforeachanswer.EffectsofurbanenvironmentsonanimalsIntroductionRecenturba
Choosethecorrectletter,A,BorC.TrafficChangesinGranfordAccordingtothespeaker,oneproblemwiththenewregulation
ChooseTHREEletters,A-F.WhichTHREEthingsarethestudentsrequiredtosubmittotheirprofessor?AawrittensummaryBnote
ChooseTHREEletters,A-F.WhichTHREEthingsarethestudentsrequiredtosubmittotheirprofessor?AawrittensummaryBnote
ChooseTWOletters,A-E.WhichTWOsubjectsdidMartinalikebestbeforegoingtouniversity?AArtBHistoryCFrenchDEnglish
WriteNOMORETHANTWOWORDSAND/ORANUMBERforeachanswer.MonarchButterfliesHibernationButterflyspeciesadoptdifferent
Choosethecorrectletter,A,BorC.Understandinghowpeoplethinkabouttimecanhelpus
Lecturers(or/andsupervisors)本题有关印度学生对自己国家学习体系的评论。录音原文中的theneedsofthestudents对应题目中的providinginformationaboutfacilitiesa
Choosethecorrectletter,A,BorC.AccordingtoDerrick,whydopeopleundertakeacademicstudy?
TheTawnyOwlMost【L31】________owlspeciesinUKStronglynocturnalHabitatMainlylivesin【L32】________,butcanalsobeseeni
随机试题
TherewereredfacesatoneofBritain’sbiggestbanksrecently.Theyhadacceptedatelephoneordertobuy$100,000worthof
下列关于甲状腺功能减退患者激素替代治疗的说法,错误的是
法院开庭审理李某挪用公款一案时,李某提出本案的证人谢某是其仇人,要求回避。关于本案下列说法正确的是?
项目组自提交业务结果之日起()日内将业务工作底稿归档。
下列名称的软件全部属于数据库系统的是()。
—Howaboutcampingthisweekend,justforachange?—OK,_____youwant.
发行国债时,政府委托经纪人在证券交易所出售国债的方法称为()。
【北京政变】华东师范大学2005年中国近现代史真题;中央民族大学2016年历史学科基础真题
RightsoftheCopyrightOwner1.Rightsofreproduction,distribution,anddisplay.Theauthorofaworkpossesses,atthebegin
WhathashappenedtotheCubans?
最新回复
(
0
)