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  3. Baekeland and Hartmann report that the "short sleepers" had been more or less average in their sleep needs until the men were in

Baekeland and Hartmann report that the "short sleepers" had been more or less average in their sleep needs until the men were in

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问题     Baekeland and Hartmann report that the "short sleepers" had been more or less average in their sleep needs until the men were in their teens. But at about age 15 or so, the men voluntarily began cutting down their nightly sleep time because of pressures from school, work, and other activities. These men tended to view their nightly periods of unconsciousness as bothersome interruptions in their daily routines.
    In general, these "short sleepers" appeared ambitious, active, energetic, cheerful, conformist in their opinions, and very sure about their career choices. They often held several jobs at once, or worked full-or part-time while going to school. And many of them had a strong urge to appear"normal" or "acceptable" to their friends and associates.
    When asked to recall their dreams, the "short sleepers" did poorly. More than this, they seemed to prefer not remembering. In similar fashion, their usual way of dealing with psychological problems was to deny that the problem existed, and then to keep busy in the hope that the trouble would go away.
    The sleep patterns of the "short sleepers" were similar to, but less extreme than, sleep patterns shown by many mental patients categorized as manic.
    The "long sleepers" were quite different indeed. Baekeland and Hartmann report that these young men had been lengthy sleeps since childhood. They seemed to enjoy their sleep, protected it, and were quite concerned when they were occasionally deprived of their desired 9 hours of nightly bed rest. They tended to recall their dreams much better than did the "short sleepers."
    Many of the "long sleepers" were shy, anxious, introverted, inhibited, passive, mildly depressed, and unsure of themselves(particularly in social situations). Several openly state that sleep was an escape from their daily problems.
According to the report, we can infer that
选项 A、many short sleepers need less sleep by nature
B、many short sleepers are obliged to reduce their nightly sleep time because they are busy with their work
C、long sleepers sleep a longer period of time during the day
D、many long sleepers preserve their sleeping habit formed during their childhood
答案D
解析 推断题。文章在第一段指出…at about age 15 or so，the men voluntarilybegan cutting down their nightly sleep time，即到了15岁左右，他们(睡眠少的人)就故意地减少了夜间睡眠的时间，由此可见，他们在童年就养成了睡觉少的习惯。故选D。
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