2. 外语
  3. Many people complain that their memory is bad, particularly as they get older. Phone numbers, names, facts we studied only a few

Many people complain that their memory is bad, particularly as they get older. Phone numbers, names, facts we studied only a few

admin2019-09-01  53
问题
   Many people complain that their memory is bad, particularly as they get older. Phone numbers, names, facts we studied only a few days ago—life would be so much easier if we could remember them all effortlessly. So how can we improve our memory?
   Many people think that repeating things is the best way to remember them. While this undoubtedly helps short-term memory, psychologists doubt whether it can help you to remember things for very long. The British psychologist E. C. Stanford seemed to prove this point when he tested himself on five prayers that he had read aloud every morning for over 25 years. He found that he could remember no more than three words of some of them! More helpful, especially for remembering numbers, is "chunking" , or grouping the information. The following numbers would be impossible for most of us to remember 1492178919931848. But look at them in "chunks" , and it becomes much easier: 1492 1789 1993 1848.
   So what about "memory training"? We have all heard about people who can memorize packs of cards by heart—how is this done and can anyone learn how to do it? According to experts, there are various ways of training your memory. Many of them involve forming a mental picture of the items to be memorized. One method, which may be useful in learning foreign languages, is to create a picture in your mind associated with a word you want to remember. For example, an English person wishing to learn "pato" (the Spanish word for "duck")could associate it with the English verb "to pat". Imagining someone patting a duck on the head would remind the learner of the Spanish word.
   Another method is to invent a story that includes all the things you want to remember. In experiments, people were asked to remember up to 120 words using this technigue; when tested afterwards, on average, they were able to recall 90 per cent of them.
   However, not all of us are interested in learning long lists of names and numbers just for fun. For those studying large guantities of information, psychologists suggest that the best way to "form meaningful connections" is to ask yourself lots of guestions as you go along. For example, if you were reading about a particular disease, you would ask yourself guestions like: Do people get it from water? What parts of the body does it affect? And so on. This is said to be far more effective than time spent passively reading and re-reading notes.
Questions 71 ~ 75
Complete the summary with a maximum of two words from the passage for each blank, changing the form where necessary.
   Repeating things is thought to be helpful for 【R1】______. A British psychologist found that chunking or grouping the information was a good way to 【R2】______. As to memory training, experts suggest three ways. First, 【R3】______ associated with the words you would like to remember will be useful in learning foreign languages. Second, invent a story with the things you want to remember. Third, learn to ask yourself lots of guestions to form 【R4】______, which is said to be 【R5】______than to read and re-read notes.
【R1】
选项
答案short—term memory
解析 文章第二段提到“很多人认为，重复是记忆的最好方式。虽然这无疑有助于短期记忆，但心理学家怀疑它是否能帮助你长时间记住事情”。因此，应填入short-term memory。
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本试题收录于： D类竞赛（专科）题库大学生英语竞赛（NECCS）分类
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