首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
A Mess on the Ladder of Success A)Throughout American history there has almost always been at least one central economic narrati
A Mess on the Ladder of Success A)Throughout American history there has almost always been at least one central economic narrati
admin
2014-01-19
26
问题
A Mess on the Ladder of Success
A)Throughout American history there has almost always been at least one central economic narrative that gave the ambitious or unsatisfied reason to pack up and seek their fortune elsewhere. For the first 300 or so years of European settlement, the story was about moving outward: getting immigrants to the continent and then to the frontier to clear the prairies(大草原). drain the wetlands and build new cities.
B)By the end of the 19th century, as the frontier vanished, the US had a mild panic attack. What would this energetic, enterprising country be without new lands to conquer? Some people, such as Teddy Roosevelt, decided to keep on conquering(Cuba, the Philippines, etc.), but eventually, in industrialization, the US found a new narrative of economic mobility at home. From the 1890s to the 1960s, people moved from farm to city, first in the North and then in the South. In fact, by the 1950s, there was enough prosperity and white-collar work that many began to move to the suburbs. As the population aged, there was also a shift from the cold Rust Belt to the comforts of the Sun Belt. We think of this as an old person’s migration, but it created many jobs for the young in construction and health care, not to mention tourism, retail and restaurants.
C)For the last 20 years- from the end of the cold war through two burst bubbles in a single decade- -the US has been casting about for its next economic narrative. And now it is experiencing another period of panic, which is bad news for much of the workforce but particularly for its youngest members.
D)The US has always been a remarkably mobile country, but new data from the Census Bureau indicate that mobility has reached its lowest level in recorded history. Sure, some people are stuck in homes valued at less than their mortgages(抵押贷款), but many young people who don’t own homes and don’t yet have families—are staying put, too. This suggests, among other things, that people aren’t packing up for new economic opportunities the way they used to. Rather than dividing the country into the 1 percenters versus(与......相对)everyone else, the split in our economy is really between two other classes: the mobile and immobile.
E)Part of the problem is that the country’s largest industries are in decline. In the past, it was perfectly clear where young people should go for work(Chicago in the 1870s, Detroit in the 1910s. Houston in the 1970s)and, more or less, what they’d be doing when they got there(killing cattle, building cars, selling oil). And these industries were large enough to offer jobs to each class of worker, from unskilled laborer to manager or engineer. Today, the few bright spots in our economy are relatively small(though some promise future growth)and decentralized. There are great jobs in Silicon Valley, in the biotech research capitals of Boston and Raleigh-Durham and in advanced manufacturing plants along the southern z-85 corridor. These companies recruit all over the country and the globe for workers with specific abilities.(You don’t need to be the next Mark Zuckerberg, founder of Facebook, to get a job in one of the microhubs(微中心), by the way. But you will almost certainly need at least a B. A. in computer science or a year or two at a technical school.)This newer, select job market is national, and it offers members of the mobile class competitive salaries and higher bargaining power.
F)Many members of the immobile class, on the other hand, live in the America of the gloomy headlines. If you have no specialized skills, there’s little reason to uproot to another state and be the last in line for a low-paying job at a new auto plant or a green-energy startup. The surprise in the census(普查)data, however, is that the immobile workforce is not limited to unskilled workers. In fact, many have a college degree.
G)Until now, a B. A. in any subject was a near-guarantee of at least middle-class wages. But today, a quarter of college graduates make less than the typical worker without a bachelor’s degree. David Autor, a prominent labor economist at M. I. T., recently told me that a college degree alone is no longer a guarantor of a good job. While graduates from top universities are still likely to get a good job no matter what their major is, he said, graduates from less-famous schools are going to be judged on what they know. To compete for jobs on a national level, they should be armed with the skills that emerging industries need, whether technical or not.
H)Those without such specialized skills like poetry, or even history, majors are already competing with their neighbors for the same sorts of second-rate, poorer-paying local jobs like low-level management or big-box retail sales. And with the low-skilled labor market atomized into thousands of microeconomics, immobile workers are less able to demand better wages or conditions or to acquire valuable skills.
I)So what, exactly, should the ambitious young worker of today be learning? Unfortunately, it’s hard to say, since the US doesn’t have one clear national project. There are plenty of emerging, smaller industries, but which ones are the most promising?(Nanotechnology’s(纳米技术)moment of remarkable growth seems to have been 5 years into the future for something like 20 years now.)It’s not clear exactly what skills are most needed or if they will even be valuable in a decade. J)What is clear is that all sorts of government issues—education, health-insurance portability, worker retraining—are no longer just bonuses to already prosperous lives but existential requirements. It’s in all of our interests to make sure that as many people as possible are able to move toward opportunity, and America’s ability to invest people and money in exciting new ideas is still greater than that of most other wealthy countries.(As recently as five years ago, US migration was twice the rate of European Union states.)That, at least, is some comfort at a time when our national economy seems to be searching for its next story line.
America today can be divided into two classes: those who move and those who don’t.
选项
答案
D
解析
细节推断题。定位句提到,我们的经济分歧实际有另外两类:流动型和固定型。题干中的those who move and those who don’t对应原文中的the mobile and immobile,故答案为D)。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/TlS7777K
0
大学英语四级
相关试题推荐
Researchershaveestablishedthatwhenpeoplearementallyengaged,biochemicalchangesoccurinthebrainthatallowittoact
Researchershaveestablishedthatwhenpeoplearementallyengaged,biochemicalchangesoccurinthebrainthatallowittoact
Researchershaveestablishedthatwhenpeoplearementallyengaged,biochemicalchangesoccurinthebrainthatallowittoact
Throughouthistorythebasicunitofalmosteveryhumansocietyhasbeenthefamily.Membersofafamilylivetogetherunderthe
Throughouthistorythebasicunitofalmosteveryhumansocietyhasbeenthefamily.Membersofafamilylivetogetherunderthe
Althoughtheterm"globalwarming"hasbecomeincreasinglyfamiliartothegeneralpublic,arecentsurveycarriedoutbytheCh
Althoughtheterm"globalwarming"hasbecomeincreasinglyfamiliartothegeneralpublic,arecentsurveycarriedoutbytheCh
Thereisnodenyingthatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingabouthowcomputerswork,justasweexpectthematleasttounderstan
A、Themanshouldseeadoctor.B、Shewillhelpthemanchangehisdiet.C、Sheunderstandswhythemanseemsunhappy.D、Thedocto
Theprospectsforwomenwhoarescientistsandengineersatmajorresearchuniversitieshaveimproved,althoughwomencontinuet
随机试题
下列关于行政给付的理解,错误的是()
下肢深静脉血栓形成最主要而常见的后遗症是
自身免疫性疾病,常合并甲状腺功能降低肿物质硬,单发冷结节,表现不平,生长迅速
维生素是维持动物体正常生理代谢和机能所必需的一类低分子化合物,其作用是其他物质所无法替代的。能维持上皮组织如皮肤、结膜等正常机能,并参与视紫红质的合成,增强视网膜感光力的维生素为
烟气脱硫的主要途径有( )脱硫。
远华公司系上市公司,属于增值税一般纳税企业,适用的增值税税率为17%,适用的所得税税率为25%,所得税采用资产负债袁债务法核算。远华公司对于应收款项计提坏账准备的比例确定为10%。根据税法规定,企业计提的坏账准备在发生实质性损失前不允许税前扣除。不考虑除增
传说中“仰则观象于天,俯则观法于地”,最终创造八卦的是:
设f(x)在[-2,2]上具有连续的导数,且f(0)=0,F(x)=∫-xx(x+t)dt.证明:级数绝对收敛.
WhenFrankDaletookoveraspublisherofLosAngelesHerrald-Examiner,theorganizationhadjustendedaten-yearstrike.There
Overthepast30years,thechildhoodobesityrateintheUnitedStateshasdoubledforchildrenandtripledforadolescents.Si
最新回复
(
0
)