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  3. The human thirst for knowledge is the driving force behind our successful development as a species. But curiosity can also be da

The human thirst for knowledge is the driving force behind our successful development as a species. But curiosity can also be da

admin2022-03-28  61
问题     The human thirst for knowledge is the driving force behind our successful development as a species. But curiosity can also be dangerous, leading to setbacks or even downfalls. Given curiosity’s complexity, scientists have found it hard to define.
    While pinning down a definition has proven tricky, the general consensus is it’s some means of information gathering. Psychologists also agree curiosity is intrinsically (内在的) motivated.
    Curiosity covers such a large set of behaviors that there probably isn’t any single "curiosity gene" that makes humans wonder about and explore their environment. That said, curiosity does have a genetic component. Genes and the environment interact in many complex ways to shape individuals and guide their behavior, including their curiosity.
    Regardless of their genetic makeup, infants have to learn an incredible amount of information in a short time, and curiosity is one of the tools humans have found to accomplish that gigantic task.
    Hundreds of studies show that infants prefer novelty. It’s what motivates non-human animals, human infants and probably human adults to explore and seek out new things before growing less interested in them after continued exposure.
    But curiosity often comes with a cost.
    In some situations, the stakes are low and failure is a healthy part of growth. For instance, many babies are perfectly proficient crawlers, but they decide to try walking because there’s more to see and do when they stand upright. But this milestone comes at a small cost. A study of 12- to 19-month-olds learning how to walk documented that these children fell down a lot. Seventeen times per hour, to be exact. But walking is faster than crawling, so this motivates expert crawlers to transition to walking.
    Sometimes, however, testing out a new idea can lead to disaster. For instance, the Inuit people of the Arctic regions have created incredible modes to deal with the challenges of living in northern climates, but what we forget about are the tens of thousands of people that tried and failed to make it in those challenging landscapes.
What do we learn about how genes shape people’s behavior?
选项 A、They determine people’s way of thinking.
B、They account for age differences in learning.
C、They enable people to undertake massive tasks.
D、They work in conjunction with the environment.
答案D
解析 由题干中的we learn about how genes shape people’s behavior定位到第三段第三句。细节辨认题。定位句指出，基因和环境以许多复杂的方式相互作用，塑造个体并指导他们的行为，包括他们的好奇心。由此可见，基因之所以可以影响人类的行为，是与环境相互作用的结果，故答案为D)。A)和B)在文中均未提及，故排除；第四段提到婴儿必须在短时间内学习大量的信息，而好奇心是人类完成这一巨大任务的工具之一。也就是说，是好奇心而不是基因使人们能够承担艰巨的任务，故排除C)。
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