首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
The fascination with dreams has continued through the various phases of human history. There is reason to believe that the earli
The fascination with dreams has continued through the various phases of human history. There is reason to believe that the earli
admin
2013-01-20
24
问题
The fascination with dreams has continued through the various phases of human history. There is reason to believe that the earliest societies may have considered dreaming as a voyage of the soul, a separation but quite definite being of the person. This, indeed, is how many primitive societies think of dreams today. More advanced societies have often thought of dreams as containing messages from the gods. This was one of the views held in ancient Egypt and Greece. While sleep has been considered an appropriate object of scientific study, dreaming has usually been considered rather a subject for fairy-tales and legends, and a plaything for philosophers. Even when Europeans started making progress in the physical and biological sciences, they dismissed dreaming as a proper scientific object because dreams were chiefly incomprehensible products of an inefficient, poorly oxygenated brain. In the nineteenth century, however, at least some medical men and scientists took dreaming more seriously and noted that dreams were perhaps the psychoses of madness of the normal man, during which strange and usually hidden thoughts appeared. This was in a sense a rediscovery of an old idea, already mentioned in Republic. Freud accepted this idea, and used his insight into dreaming to propose a complete theoretical outline for the organization of thought, involving primary processes and secondary process thinking. Freud was so impressed with the possibilities offered by the study of dreams for understanding mental life that he spoke of the dream as royal road to the un conscious.
However, Freud and the psychiatrists who followed him considered dreaming from feeling and probably instantaneous phenomenon. The prevalent view was that either dreaming took place during the moment of awaking, or, on the other hand, that dreaming occurred constantly but was only very occasionally and haphazardly "sampled" by consciousness. In either ease, the various properties of dreaming were explained on the basis of the properties of the solid underlying state of sleep.
A great deal of recent work completely contradicts this formulation indicating that dreaming is associated with an entire biological state of its own, state in many ways as different from ordinary sleep as it is different from waking. This biological state, or the D-state, has been found to occur in all mammalian species studied, as well as in people. It occurs at times when the psychological experience of dreaming is unlikely; for instance, in the newborn child, and the newborn cat. Recently a new field of inquiry has been developed by Aserinksy, Kleitman and other workers in the physiological, biological, and chemical sciences. This new field is the biology of dreaming, which sometimes has a focus far removed from the psychology of the dream. Through modem scientists’ joint effort, mysteries of dreaming may soon be unlocked.
According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?
选项
A、In ancient Egypt and Greece people treated dreams as containing messages from the gods.
B、Freud thought of the dreams as royal road to the unconscious.
C、The mysteries of dreaming have been unlocked through modern scientists’ joint effort.
D、The phenomenon of dreaming can take place whether you are awake or you are sleeping.
答案
C
解析
作者在最后一段结尾处提到Through modern scientists’joint effort,mysteries of dreaming may soon be unlocked,但并不意味这一神秘已经被解开。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/U02O777K
0
考博英语
相关试题推荐
TestshaveconfirmedthatfourpeopleinWisconsincontractedthemonkeypoxvirusaftercomingintoclosecontactwithpetprair
TestshaveconfirmedthatfourpeopleinWisconsincontractedthemonkeypoxvirusaftercomingintoclosecontactwithpetprair
AIDSiscausinggreatpublicconcernbecausethe______fataldiseasehitsprimarilyyoungpeople.
Despitehis____asatrouble-maker,hewaspromotedtodepartmentmanger.
IaskedmymotherifIcouldgoout,andshe____.
Aslongasherparentscanremember,13-year-oldKatieHarthasbeentalkingaboutgoingtocollege.Hermother,Tally,afinanc
LastyearFrenchdriverskilled【C1】_____than5,000peopleontheroadsforthefirsttimeindecades.Creditgoeslargely【C2】___
Evenplantscanrunafever,especiallywhenthey’reunderattackbyinsectsordisease.Butunlikehumans,plantscanhavethei
Despitethefactthattheywere_____whentheymarried,after30yearstheylivetogetherharmoniously.
随机试题
动态扫描的扫描方式有几种
不属于人的心理防御机制的是()。
某试验室开展一条公路路基土的CBR试验,试料最大粒径为40mm,请结合试验内容完成下面题目。当3个平行试验的承载比变异系数大于12%,以下描述正确的是()。
下列属于担保合同的是( )。
金属储罐中幅板搭接接头采用手工焊接时,控制焊接变形的主要工艺措施有()。
下列各项中属于我国全体劳动者放假的节日是()。
下列关于我国上下级国家机关之间关系的说法正确的是()。
在池塘里用过Bti(一种用于蚊虫防治的细菌性制剂)几分钟后,池塘里80%的蚊子幼虫都会死掉。但是,Bti对鱼、鸟、动物或有益的昆虫无害。定期使用Bti消灭蚊子幼虫,能减少在池塘里繁殖的恼人的蚊子的数量,而同时又不会减少池塘里和周围的鱼、青蛙及其他益虫的数量
在VisualFoxPro中,有关参照完整性的删除规则正确的描述是
A、Doctorandpatient.B、Husbandandwife.C、Teacherandstudent.D、Touristandguide.B
最新回复
(
0
)