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  3. A recurring criticism of the UK’s university sector is its perceived weakness in translating new knowledge into new products and

A recurring criticism of the UK’s university sector is its perceived weakness in translating new knowledge into new products and

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问题     A recurring criticism of the UK’s university sector is its perceived weakness in translating new knowledge into new products and services.
    Recently, the UK National Stem Cell Network warned the UK could lose its place among the world leaders in stem cell research unless adequate funding and legislation could be assured. We should take this concern seriously as universities are key in the national innovation system.
    However, we do have to challenge the unthinking complaint that the sector does not do enough in taking ideas to market. The most recent comparative data on the performance of universities and research institutions in Australia, Canada, USA and UK shows that, from a relatively weak starting position, the UK now leads on many indicators of commercialisation activity.
    When viewed at the national level, the policy interventions of the past decade have helped transform the performance of UK universities. Evidence suggests the UK’s position is much stronger than in the recent past and is still showing improvement. But national data masks the very large variation in the performance of individual universities. The evidence shows that a large number of universities have fallen off the back of the pack, a few perform strongly and the rest chase the leaders.
    This type of uneven distribution is not peculiar to the UK and is mirrored across other economies. In the UK, research is concentrated: less than 25% of universities receive 75% of the research funding. These same universities are also the institutions producing the greatest share of PhD graduates, science citations, patents and licence income. The effect of policies generating long-term resource concentration has also created a distinctive set of universities which are research-led and commercially active. It seems clear that the concentration of research and commercialisation work creates differences between universities.
    The core objective for universities which are research-led must be to maximise the impact of their research efforts. These universities should be generating the widest range of social, economic and environmental benefits. In return for the scale of investment, they should share their expertise in order to build greater confidence in the sector.
    Part of the economic recovery of the UK will be driven by the next generation of research commercialisation spilling out of our universities. There are three dozen universities in the UK which are actively engaged in advanced research training and commercialisation work.
    If there was a greater coordination of technology transfer offices within regions and a simultaneous investment in the scale and functions of our graduate schools, universities could, and should, play a key role in positioning the UK for the next growth cycle.
What does the author say about the national data on UK universities’ performance in commercialisation?
选项 A、It does not rank UK universities in a scientific way.
B、It does not reflect the differences among universities.
C、It indicates their ineffective use of government resources.
D、It masks the fatal weaknesses of government policy.
答案B
解析 根据题干中的national data将本题出处定位到第4段倒数第二 句。作者在文章第四段先肯定了英国高校在科研商业化方面的世界领先地位， 继而转折指出：全国性的数据掩盖了大学与大学之间的巨大差距。[B]为作者在 文中观点的同义转述，其中的does not reflect对应文中的masks，differences对 应variations，故答案为[B]。[A]“未按照科学的方式给英国高校排名”不是作 者有关national data的表述。[C]中的“没有有效地利用政府资源”和[D]中的“政 府政策中的致命弱点”在文中没有体现。
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