首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Are Computers Alive? The topic of thought is one area of psychology, and many observers have considered this aspect in conne
Are Computers Alive? The topic of thought is one area of psychology, and many observers have considered this aspect in conne
admin
2019-04-07
48
问题
Are Computers Alive?
The topic of thought is one area of psychology, and many observers have considered this aspect in connection with robots and computers: some of the old worries about AI—artificial intelligence— were closely linked to the question of whether computers could think. The first massive electronic computers, capable of rapid(if often unreliable)computation and little or no creative activity were soon called "electronic brains. " A reaction to this terminology quickly followed. To put them in their place, computers were called "high-speed idiots," an effort to protect human vanity. In such a climate, the possibility of computers actually being alive was rarely considered: it was bad enough that computers might be capable of thought. But not everyone realized the implications of the highspeed idiot tag. It has not been pointed out often enough that even the human idiot is one of the most intelligent life forms on Earth. If the early computers were even that intelligent, it was already a remarkable state of affairs.
One consequence of speculation about the possibility of computer thought was that we were forced to examine with new care the idea of thought in general. It soon became clear that we were not sure what we meant by such terms as thought and thinking. We tend to assume that human beings think, some more than others, though we often call people thoughtless or unthinking. Dreams cause a problem , partly because they usually happen outside our control. They are obviously some type of mental experience, but are they a type of thinking? And the question of nonhuman life forms adds further problems. Many of us would maintain that some of the higher animals—dogs, cats, apes, and so on—are capable of at least basic thought, but what about fish and insects? It is certainly true that the higher mammals show complex brain activity when tested with the appropriate equipment. If thinking is demonstrated by evident electrical activity in the brain, then many animal species are capable of thought. Once we have formulated clear ideas on what thought is in bio-logical creatures, it will be easier to discuss the question of thought in artifacts(人工制品). And what is true of thought is also true of many other mental processes. One of the immense benefits of AI research is that we are being forced to check carefully the working of the human mind.
It is already clear that machines have superior mental abilities to many life forms. No fern or oak tree can play chess as well as even the simplest digital computer: nor can frogs weld(焊接)car bodies as well as robots. The mechanical manipulator is cleverer in some ways than the three-toed sloth(树獭). It seems that, viewed in terms of intellect, the computer should be set well a-bove plants and most animals. Only the higher animals can, it seems, compete with computers with regard to intellect—and even then with diminishing success.(Examples of this are in the games of chess. Some of the world’s best players are now computers.)
The author believes that such words as thought and thinking might come to be better understood because of research into______and computers.
选项
答案
artificial intelligence/AI
解析
(参见第二段最后一句One of the immense benefits of AI research is that we are being forcedto check carefully the working of the human mind.。)
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/UCjK777K
本试题收录于:
D类竞赛(专科)题库大学生英语竞赛(NECCS)分类
0
D类竞赛(专科)
大学生英语竞赛(NECCS)
相关试题推荐
SolarPowerThesunis【T1】______.It【T2】______.Peoplehavecreateddifferentwaysto【T3】______.Activesolarenergy【T4】
American’sLeisureActivitiesLeisureactivities【T1】______.Bothmenandwomenreportedthat【T2】______.Visitingfriendsand
American’sLeisureActivitiesLeisureactivities【T1】________________________.Bothmenandwomenreportedthat【T2】______
Manypeopletodayuseelectronicdictionariesinsteadofprintedones.Willprinteddictionariesbereplacedbyelectronicdicti
A、Oncollegecampuses.B、Inmiddleschools.C、Inprimaryschools.D、IntheKindergartens.A①选项都是介词短语,问题应与地点场所有关。②James博士提到,很多人沉
A.sothatB.wiseC.barelyD.exerciseE.groupF.describingG.thought
A.shortenedB.expressionC.originsD.breaksE.statementF.directionsG.manners
A.removeB.judgeC.intelligenceD.indicateE.concerningF.consistsG.distinguishe
(1)The21stcenturyusheredinwhatwassupposedtobepaperlessliving.Thedataofourliveswastoberecordedindigitalclo
Thefarmerputupironfencesaroundtheflowergarden________hisneighbor’ssheepshouldbreakin.
随机试题
下列糖尿病的实验室检查的论述中正确的是
医院感染监测的内容包括
19.某日,陈某因生活琐事将肖某打伤。当地公安局询问了双方和现场目击者并做了笔录,但未做处理。两年后,该公安局对陈某做出了拘留10日的处罚。陈某申诉,上一级公安局维持了原处罚决定。陈某提起诉讼。法官甲认为该公安局违反了《人民警察法》关于对公民报警案件应当及
建筑策划中的6个工种不包括()。
高压无气喷涂的主要特点为()。
基坑施工中,支撑式支护结构发生墙背土体沉陷时的及时处理方法有()。
在“4Cs”的网络营销模式下,企业定价过程的起点是()。
下列对运动技能的形成过程叙述正确的是()。
根据下列资料,回答下列问题。2015年全国共建立社会捐助工作站、点和慈善超市3.0万个,比上一年减少0.2万个,其中:慈善超市9654个,同比下降5.1%,全年共接收社会捐赠款654.5亿元,其中:民政部门接收社会各界捐款44.2亿元,各类社会组
Walking—likeswimming,bicyclingandrunning—isanaerobicexercise,(31)buildsthecapacityforenergyoutputandphysicalend
最新回复
(
0
)