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  3. Sporting activities are essentially modified forms of hunting behaviour. Viewed biologically, the modern footballer is in realit

Sporting activities are essentially modified forms of hunting behaviour. Viewed biologically, the modern footballer is in realit

admin2012-07-17  18
问题     Sporting activities are essentially modified forms of hunting behaviour. Viewed biologically, the modern footballer is in reality a member of a hunting group. His killing weapon has turned into a harmless football and his prey into a goal-mouth. If his aim is accurate and he scores a goal, he enjoys the hunter’s triumph of killing his prey.
    To understand how this transformation has taken place we must briefly look back at our forefathers. They spent over a million years evolving as cooperative hunters. Their very survival depended on success in the hunting-field. Under this pressure their whole way of life, even their bodies became greatly changed. They became chasers, runners, jumpers, aimers, throwers and prey-killers. They cooperated as skillful male-group attackers.
    Then about ten thousand years ago, after this immensely long period of hunting their food, they became farmers. Their improved intelligence, so vital to their old hunting life, was put to a new use—that of controlling and domesticating (驯养,驯化) their prey. The hunt became suddenly out of date. The food was there on the farms, awaiting their needs. The risks and uncertainties of the hunt were no longer essential for survival.
    The skills and thirst for hunting remained, however, and demanded new outlets. Hunting for sport replaced hunting for necessity. This new activity involved all the original hunting sequences, but the aim of the operation was no longer to avoid starvatioa Instead the sportsmen set off to test their skills against prey that were no longer essential to their survival. To be sure, the kill may have been eaten, but there were other, much simpler ways of obtaining a meaty meal.
For over a million years, our forefathers were basically______.
选项 A、successful farmers
B、co-operating hunters
C、runners and jumpers
D、skillful sportsmen
答案B
解析 本题也是一道具体细节题。问上百万年以来，我们的祖先主要是什么样的人。利用查阅式阅读法，我们可以在文章第二段中找到与答案有关的信息。这段指出，作为具有合作能力的狩猎者，我们的祖先花了100多万年的时间演变进化。人类之所以能幸存就是依靠在狩猎中的成功。在为了能成功狩猎的压力下，人类的整个生活方式，甚至其身体结构都大大地改变了。他们追逐、奔跑、跳跃、瞄准、投掷，射杀猎物。作为熟练的男性攻击性群体他们合作得很好。由此，我们可以得出结论，100多万年以来，人类的祖先主要是一群合作性很强的狩猎者。所以，本题的正确答案应是B。
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