首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Complete the notes below. Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer. CLIMATE AND ARCHITECTURE Cases and examples are from pra
Complete the notes below. Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer. CLIMATE AND ARCHITECTURE Cases and examples are from pra
admin
2018-04-05
61
问题
Complete the notes below.
Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.
CLIMATE AND ARCHITECTURE
Cases and examples are from practice conducted in【L31】______ as well as rural areas.
Acid rain
The chemicals have devastating effects on the architecture.
The government try to reduce the negative effects.
Funds have been received from a【L32】______.
【L33】______ experience lower levels of acid in damaging pollutants.
In recent years, Alter Project focuses on the buildings made of【L34】______.
Pollution
One of the main sources of pollution is from the construction industry.
【L35】______ is used to reduce pollution in Sky Tower.
Construction is affected by the increased【L36】______ in winter.
Humidity affects the【L37】______ buildings whose grain can be condensed by moisture from the air.
Building & Technology
Ground conditions can be a problem when the density of the【L38】______ is wrong.
Architects can now monitor the【L39】______ of buildings.
The government should make【L40】______ for the architects.
【L37】
Welcome class to your very first lecture in this series on Architecture conducted by myself, Dr Torben Dahl. Today we will be looking into the relationship between climate and architecture, where I will be giving you a critical overview of the main climate influences that shape the design of buildings. Throughout this lecture series we will be looking at the latest research into climatic design carried out by experts in the field in addition to case studies and examples drawn from modernist practice both in [31]cities and rural areas.
Now, acid rain is one of the climatic elements with the most devastating effects on our architecture. The chemicals in acid rain can cause paint to peel, corrosion of steel structures such as bridges, and erosion of stone statues. Since the 1970s, our government has been making great effort to reduce the release of these chemicals into the atmosphere with positive results. Private organisations have also been raising awareness and funds and recently received a huge donation from the [32]bank. It is interesting to look at the studies that have been carried out into the effects of acid rain at varying altitudes. Research has shown that there are lower levels of acid in the damaging pollutants at higher altitudes, meaning that [33]skyscrapers are much less vulnerable to the negative effects as they are exposed to acid rain with far lower levels of damaging pollutants.
Recently, the Alter Project was founded to carry out further research into acid rain. This project is directed towards studying the effects of acid rain on old, traditional buildings of [34]stone construction that are vulnerable to damage caused by acid rain. Masonry is particularly vulnerable as it is easily corroded and weakened by the acidic chemicals. It is imperative that we protect these buildings, as they are valuable examples of our history and culture.
Pollution is one of the main sources of concern in the present day. The construction industry contributes considerably as a source of pollution in its day-to-day processes of creating building materials such as concrete and glass, however, more new sustainable methods are being developed to counter this. A recent case study for this is Sky Tower, whose windows have been made from [35]recycled glass to prevent pollution from the glass-making process.
Water is the most problematic element to be considered in construction. It is imperative that construction elements such as the insulation are fitted into the building in dry weather to prevent it from getting wet. This makes winter an undesirable season for construction as the heavy [36]rainfall can have adverse effects on the building. Another climate type that has an enormous affect on buildings is humidity. Constructions made of steel and stone are largely unaffected by humidity, however, it can have a serious effect on [37]wooden constructions if the timber has not been correctly treated. Moisture from the air can condense in the grain of the wood, which then swells and shrinks in proportion to the magnitude of change in its moisture content. This variation in size can have disastrous consequences.
In areas of the world that are prone to earthquakes, certain design and environmental conditions are preferable for protecting buildings in the event of a tremor. Engineers have come up with numerous building procedures to help minimise shaking in buildings. For example, tall buildings have height restrictions and counterweights and multi-storey buildings have reinforced floors and walls. Ground conditions are a cause for worry in many constructions as often the soil is of the wrong density to protect the foundations.
Luckily technology has now been developed that can help to minimise damage by earthquakes. Seismic sensors can give prior warning when an earthquake is about to happen so that preparations can be made to protect both the people and the buildings from harm. The [39]movement of building structures can now also be measured and monitored over time by architects. It has been expressed by architects within the design community that it would be valuable to be given special courses for designing buildings within earthquake zones. [40]Guidelines are also expected to be produced by the government in the near future that will give architects a universal checklist to follow.
That wraps up the lecture for today. Please remember that attendance is mandatory... [fade out]
选项
答案
wooden
解析
Humidity(湿度)对钢铁和石头建筑不会造成什么影响,但对于木质建筑的影响会很大,原文所述为“Constructions made of steel and stone are largely unaffected by humidity, however,it can have a serious effect on wooden constructions if the timber has not been correctly treated.”故此处填wooden。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/UU8O777K
本试题收录于:
雅思听力题库雅思(IELTS)分类
0
雅思听力
雅思(IELTS)
相关试题推荐
Questions1-4Thetexthas7paragraphs(A—G).Whichparagraphcontainseachofthefollowingpiecesofinformation?*
Questions14-17Thetexthas7paragraphs(A-G).Whichparagraphdoeseachofthefollowingheadingsbestfit?*
Questions14-17Thetexthas7paragraphs(A-G).Whichparagraphdoeseachofthefollowingheadingsbestfit?*
READINGPASSAGE1Youshouldspendabout20minutesonQuestions1-13,whicharebasedonReadingPassage1below.
Questions29-33ReadingPassage3hassevenparagraphsA-G.ChoosethemostsuitableheadingsforparagraphsC-Gfromthelisto
Questions28-29Completethenotes,whichshowhowtheapproachestodefining’talent’havechanged.ChooseONEorTWOWORDSfro
Questions28-29Completethenotes,whichshowhowtheapproachestodefining’talent’havechanged.ChooseONEorTWOWORDSfro
Questions28-29Completethenotes,whichshowhowtheapproachestodefining’talent’havechanged.ChooseONEorTWOWORDSfro
READINGPASSAGE1Youshouldspendabout20minutesonQuestions1-13whicharebasedonReadingPassage1below.
随机试题
什么是数控加工程序的绝对值编程?
开放性气胸时呼吸循环功能的变化包括
连翘败毒丸的主治是
子宫内膜异位症最常发生的部位是
依据《安全生产违法行为行政处罚办法》,中央企业及其所属企业、有关人员的安全生产违法行为的行政处罚,由安全生产违法行为发生地的县级以上安全监管监察部门管辖。()
根据房产税法律制度的规定,下列与房屋不可分割的附属设备中,应计入房产原值计缴房产税的有()。
案例:为了帮助学生理解正方形的概念、性质,发展学生推理能力、几何直观能力等,一节习题课上,甲、乙两位教师各设计了一道典型例题.【教师甲】如图1,在边长为a的正方形ABCD中,E为AD边上一点(不同于A、D),连CE.在该正方形边上选取点F,连接DF,
简析宗教改革的背景。
在个别资金成本的计算中,不必考虑筹集费用影响因素的是()。
南京国民政府时期的政府组织形式是()
最新回复
(
0
)