首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
Yamato, the ancient name of Japan, essentially means "big harmony". To achieve such balance, Japanese society has refined a plet
Yamato, the ancient name of Japan, essentially means "big harmony". To achieve such balance, Japanese society has refined a plet
admin
2014-06-13
58
问题
Yamato, the ancient name of Japan, essentially means "big harmony". To achieve such balance, Japanese society has refined a plethora of cultural traits: humility, loyalty, respect and consensus. In the field of business, however, this often results in a lack of leaders who are willing to stand out from the crowd, promote themselves and act decisively. "The nail that sticks up gets hammered down" is a common Japanese refrain; "the hawk with talent hides his talons" is another. Whereas American and European bosses like to appear on the covers of global business magazines, their Japanese counterparts are comfortable in their obscurity. Business in Japan is generally run as a group endeavor.
Such democratic virtues served the country well in the post-war period. But today they hold too many Japanese firms back. Japan boasts some of the best companies in the world: Toyota, Canon and Nintendo are the envy of their industries. But they operate on a global scale and have tentatively embraced some unconsensual American methods. In much of the Japanese economy-especially its huge domestic services sector-managers are in something of a funk. Firms do not give promising youngsters responsibility early on, but allocate jobs by age. Unnecessarily long working hours are the norm, sapping productivity. And there are few women and foreigners in senior roles, which narrows the talent pool.
So how pleasing it is to be able to report the success of a business leader who breaks the mould. Young, dynamic and clever, he is not afraid to push aside old, conservative know- nothings. He disdains corporate politics and promotes people based on merit rather than seniority. He can make mistakes (he got involved in a questionable takeover-defence scheme), but he is wildly popular with salarymen: his every move is chronicled weekly. In June he was given the top job at one of Japan’s biggest firms. Kosaku Shima of Hatsushiba Goyo Holdings has only one serious shortcoming: he is not a real person, but a manga, or cartoon, character. For many critics of Japan, that says it all: Mr. Shima could exist only in fiction. In fact there is room for the country’s managers and even its politicians to learn from him.
Most of the lessons are for Japan’s managers. At present, bosses rarely say what they think because it might disrupt the harmony, or be seen as immodest. Their subordinates are reluctant to challenge ideas because that would cause the boss to lose face. So daft strategies fester rather than getting culled quickly. There is little risk-taking or initiative. The crux of the problem is Japanese companies’ culture of consensus-based decision-making. Called nemawashi ( literally, "going around the roots" ) or ringi ( bottom-up decisions), it helped to establish an egalitarian workplace. In the 1980s Western management consultants cooed that it was the source of Japan’s competitive strength. Sometimes it can be, as in periods of crisis when an entire firm needs to accept new marching orders quickly. But most of the time it strangles a company.
Relying on consensus means that decisions are made slowly, if at all. With so many people to please, the result is often a mediocre morass of compromises. And with so many hands involved, there is no accountability; no reason for individuals to excel; no sanction against bad decisions so that there are fewer of them in future. Of course, sometimes the consensus of the Japanese workplace is just a veneer and decisions are still made from on high. But then why persist with the pretence, particularly if it drains a company’s efficiency?
Which of the following is not the fault caused by consensual Japanese method according to the text?
选项
A、Jobs are allocated by age.
B、People all work unnecessary long hours,
C、Female and foreign senior roles are scarcely seen.
D、Many Japanese firms are operating on a global scale.
答案
D
解析
A项按年龄分配工作,文中对应的是Firms do not give promising youngsters responsibility early on,but allocate jobs by age.,故A正确。B项是加班过多,对应Unnecessarily long working hours are the norm,故B正确。C项是高级职员中外国人和女性比较少,对应And there are few women and foreigners in senior roles,which narrows the talent pool,故C正确。D项是日本公司都是发展为世界级的,文中也有提及,但这并非所带来的坏处而是好处,故选择D项。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/UYO4777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
Theideaisasaudaciousasitaltruistic:provideapersonallaptopcomputertoeveryschoolchild—particularlyinthepoorestp
Theideaisasaudaciousasitaltruistic:provideapersonallaptopcomputertoeveryschoolchild—particularlyinthepoorestp
Untilrecently,thecommonfactorinallthescienceusedtofigureoutifapieceofartwasforgedwasthatitwasconcernedw
Whatoursocietysuffersfrommosttodayistheabsenceofconsensusaboutwhatitandlifeinitoughttobe;suchconsensusca
Howdoestheauthorthinkofhimself?Accordingtothepassage,thelawyershould
Thereisnoquestionthatscience-fictionwritershavebecomemoreambitious,stylisticallyandthematically,inrecentyears.(
Afriendofminehadagrandfatherwhosupervisedthepayrollatalargecompanylongago.Peoplewhoknewhimsaythismanwas
Accordingtoparagraph1,theinsider’sattitudetowardsGoogleIPOcanbesaidtobeThefundmanagershaddoubtsaboutGoogle
Youaregoingtoreadalistofheadingsandatextabouthumandailycycleofactivity.Choosethemostsuitableheadingfromt
Readingandwritinghavelongbeenthoughtofascomplementaryskills:toreadistorecognizeandinterpretlanguagethathasb
随机试题
打开浓盐酸、浓硝酸、浓氨水等试剂瓶塞时,应在()中进行。
在噪音的影响下,黄昏视觉感受性会降低到受刺激前的20%,体现了不同感觉的_______。
FIDIC《施工合同条件》中,业主的索赔主要限于( )等违约行为而导致的业主损失。
在英国,证券投资基金被称为()。
某卷烟厂1996年取得销售收入2850万元,申报缴纳企业所得税427万元。税务机关于1996年2月对其1996年度企业所得税缴纳情况进行检查,发现企业1996年度发生以下几笔经济业务:(1)每月按实发工资总额提取职工福利费、职工教育经费、工会经费记入。
A公司2014年的财务数据如下:假设该公司股票属于固定增长股利,股利增长率为5%,负债的平均利息率为10%,所得税税率为25%。假设当年普通股股数没有发生增减变动。要求:结合(3)计算2014年12月31日该公司股票的市盈率和市净率。
某公司人群3天的膳食调查中,能量供给量为2100kcal的有10人,2400kcal的有12人,2600kcal的有18人,该人群蛋白质平均摄入量为72g/人.日。计算该人群中三种不同能量需要的亚人群的折合标准人系数。
诺贝尔医学奖获得者屠呦呦曾向媒体介绍,青蒿素研究的难点在于对青蒿科属的选择上,此外提取方法也需要突破,后来屠呦呦受葛洪《肘后备急方》中“青蒿一握,以水二升渍,绞取汁,尽服之”的启发,改进了提取方法,采取了乙醚冷浸法低温提取,最终获得成功,这表明:
十一届三中全会后,党总结了建国后在对待知识分子问题上的经验教训,确立了知识分子作为工人阶级一部分的重要地位。知识分子在改革开放和现代化建设中的重大作用是()
DespitethegreatachievementsmadebyChinaoverthepastdecade,______(还有许多问题亟待解决).
最新回复
(
0
)