2. 外语
  3. 1　　There must be few questions on which responsible opinion is so utterly divided as on that of how much sleep we ought to have.

1　　There must be few questions on which responsible opinion is so utterly divided as on that of how much sleep we ought to have.

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问题 1　　There must be few questions on which responsible opinion is so utterly divided as on that of how much sleep we ought to have. There are some who think we can leave the body to regulate these matters for itself. "The answer is easy,"　says Dr. A. Burton. "With the right amount of sleep you should wake up fresh and alert five minutes before the alarm rings." If he is right many people must be undersleeping, including myself. But we must remember that some people have a greater inertia than others. This is not meant rudely. They switch on slowly, and they are reluctant to switch off. They are alert at bedtime and sleepy when it is time to get up, and this may have nothing to do with how fatigued their bodies are, or how much sleep they must take to lose their fatigue.
2　　Other people feel sure that the present trend is towards too little sleep. To quote one medical opinion, "Thousands of people drift through life suffering from the effects of too little sleep;the reason is not that they can’t sleep." Like advancing colonists, we do seem to be grasping ever more of the land of sleep for our waking needs, pushing the boundary back and reaching, apparently, for a point in our evolution where we will sleep no more. This in itself, of course, need not be a bad thing. What could be disastrous, however, is that we should press too quickly towards this goal, sacrificing sleep only to gain more time in which to jeopardize our civilization by actions and decisions made weak by fatigue.
3　　Then, to complete the picture, there are those who believe that most people are persuaded to sleep too much. Dr H. Roberts, writing in Every Man in Health, asserts:"It may safely be stated that, just as the majority eat too much, so the majority sleep too much. "One can see the point of this also. It would be a pity to retard our development by holding back those people who are gifted enough to work and play well with less than the average amount of sleep, if indeed it does them no harm. If one of the trends of evolution is that more of the life span is to be spent in gainful waking activity, then surely these people are in the van of this advance.  
In the last paragraph the author points out that______.
选项 A、sleeping less is good for human development.
B、people ought to be persuaded to sleep less than before.
C、it is incorrect to say that people sleep too little.
D、those who can sleep less should be encouraged.
答案D
解析 此题为细节理解题。据第3段第4句可知。作者认为那些生来就可以少睡觉而且不误工作、玩耍的人不应受到约束，故选D。在第3段最后1句中，作者猜测如果将来人类可以少睡觉多做有益的活动是一种进步(advance)，那么，那些生来就可以少睡眠的人就是这种进步的先驱。但这并不等于说少睡眠就对人类发展有益，故A不妥。根据上述内容，我们同样可以排除B，因为作者并不认为应鼓励所有人都要减少睡眠。C明显不符原文。
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