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  3. Marriage and divorce are life-changing events, the effects of which are evident in innumerable ways. Both marriage and divor

Marriage and divorce are life-changing events, the effects of which are evident in innumerable ways. Both marriage and divor

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问题     Marriage and divorce are life-changing events, the effects of which are evident in innumerable ways.
    Both marriage and divorce appear to lead to weight gain among couples, but each occasion affects men and women differently. Researchers from Ohio State University found that women tended to gain more weight than men after marriage, while after a divorce, men’s girth (腰围) expanded more than women’s.
    Previous studies of weight gain have looked at average gains and losses, but Prof. Zhenchao Qian and his student Dmitry Tumin decided to break down the weight effects by gender to better understand whether marital (婚姻的) transitions affected men differently than women.
    The researchers looked at survey data from a nationally representative sample of more than 10,000 men and women who were 14 to 22 years old when the survey began in 1979. The participants were questioned every year until 1994, and then every other year afterward.
    The scientists found interesting gender differences when they focused on the two-year mark after a marriage or divorce. Although both men and women who married tended to gain weight compared with their counterparts who stayed single, women tended to gain more weight than men.
Two years after a divorce, separated partners tended to be heavier compared with couples who remained married, but conversely, men posted larger weight gains than women.
    The study did not dig into what particular lifestyle habits—in diet or physical activity, for example—may have changed after either marriage or divorce to lead to weight gain, but the relationship between weight and life events remained strong after the researchers accounted for potential confounding (混合的) factors such as race, education and income.
    Qian and Tumin have some theories, based on previous research by others on the subject. Following marriage, the researchers suggest, wives may encourage their husbands to adopt a healthier lifestyle, helping men maintain their weight or even lose a few excess pounds. After divorce, however, men may return to their pound-packing habits.
    Women, on the other hand, may tend to eat more and exercise less after getting married and starting a family because of the stresses of child bearing and maintaining a household.
    The effects were strongest among those who were 30 or older at the time they married or divorced. Younger people didn’t show as consistent a pattern in weight gain or loss after such events.
The purpose of Prof. Zhenchao Qian’s study is to find______.
选项 A、if marital transitions affect weight differently by gender
B、what are the reasons that cause marital transitions
C、why couples gain weight after marriage and divorce
D、what are the shortcomings of the previous study
答案A
解析 事实细节题。根据原文“但是钱振超教授……决心对体重的增减分性别进行研究，从而更好地理解婚姻变故在不同程度上影响男女的体重增减”可知，A)“(发现)婚姻变故是否分性别影响体重变化”是其同义转换，故为答案。B)“导致婚姻变故的原因是什么”和C)“夫妻在结婚和离婚后体重为什么增加”均不是研究的目的，故排除；D)“以前研究的不足之处是什么”原文未提及，故排除。
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大学英语四级

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