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  3. Most earthquakes occur within the upper 15 miles of the earth’s surface. But earthquakes can and do occur at all depths to about

Most earthquakes occur within the upper 15 miles of the earth’s surface. But earthquakes can and do occur at all depths to about

admin2021-11-23  49
问题     Most earthquakes occur within the upper 15 miles of the earth’s surface. But earthquakes can and do occur at all depths to about 460 miles. Their number【C1】________ as the depth increases. At about 460 miles one earthquake occurs only every few years. Near the surface earthquakes may run as【C2】________ as 100 in a month, but the yearly average does not vary much.
    The【C3】________ of the disaster in an earthquake depends on many factors. If you carefully build a toy house with an erect set, it will still stand no matter how【C4】________ you shake the table. But if you build a toy house with a(n)【C5】________ of cards, a slight shake of the table will make it fall. An earthquake in Agadir, Morocco, was not strong enough to be recorded on distant instruments, but it completely destroyed the city. Many stronger earthquakes have done comparatively【C6】________ damage. If a building is well constructed and built on solid ground, it will【C7】________ an earthquake. Most deaths in earthquakes have been due to faulty building construction or poor building【C8】________ . A third and very serious factor is panic. When people rush out into narrow streets, more deaths will result.
    The United Nations has played an important part in reducing the damage done by earthquakes. It has sent a team of experts to all countries known to be【C9】________ by earthquakes. Working with local geologists and engineers, the experts have studied the nature of the ground and the type of most practical building code for the local area. If【C10】________ , these suggestions will make disastrous earthquakes almost a thing of the past.
    A. strongly       B. sites         C. high          D. extent
    E. pile           F. violently     G. followed      H. decreases
    I. effected       J. resist        K. pack          L. affected
    M. lessens        N. subsist       O. little
【C9】
选项
答案L
解析 词义辨析题。根据词性，此处应当填入动词被动式。此处表示受到地震影响的国家。affect和effect作为动词，都含“影响”的意思。affect指“产生的影响之大足以引起反应”，着重“影响”的动作，有时含有“对……产生不利影响”的意思，如：This article will affect my thinking．这篇文章将会影响我的思想。effect指“实现、达成”，着重“造成”一种特殊的效果，如：This book effected a change in my opinion．这本书使我的看法起了变化。
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