首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
How do we measure the economic return to higher education? Typically it is calculated as the difference between average wages of
How do we measure the economic return to higher education? Typically it is calculated as the difference between average wages of
admin
2014-09-28
53
问题
How do we measure the economic return to higher education? Typically it is calculated as the difference between average wages of college graduates and those who have not graduated from college. In 1997, for example, college graduates earned an average of $40, 508 versus just $ 23, 970 for non-college graduates. Based on these income levels, the economic return to a college education is approximately 69 percent, the difference between the two income levels. But this simple calculation ignores the fact that college graduates tend to come from higher socioeconomic levels, are more highly motivated, and probably have higher IQs than nongraduates. Although these factors influence incomes, they are not the result of college attendance. Therefore the result of the study is an overstatement of the returns to higher education.
More sophisticated analyses adjust for these extraneous influences. For instance economists Orley Ashenfelter and Alan Krueger, estimate that each year of post-high school education results in a wage premium of between 15 and 16 percent. Their study is particularly relevant because they examined the earnings differences for identical twins with different education levels, allowing them to control for genetic and socioeconomic factors. Other research puts the wagfe premium for college graduates at nearly 50 per cent.
Unfortunately, you can’t spend a college wage premium. Income levels for the average college graduate have stagnated. After adjusting for inflation, the average income of college graduates holding full-time jobs rose by only 4. 4 per cent between 1979 and 1997, or at a minuscule annual rate of 0. 2 percent. At the same time, workers with only high-school degrees saw their real income plummet by 15 percent. Bottom line: the much-ballyhooed college wage "premium" is due primarily to the fall in inflation-adjusted salaries of workers who haven’t been to college.
In fact, if you don’t go on to graduate school or are not among the top graduates at one of the nation’s elite colleges, chances are your sky-high tuition is buying you no economic advantage whatsoever. In recent decades the flood of graduates has been so great that an increasing proportion have found themselves, within a few years, working as sales clerks, cab drivers, and in other jobs that do not require a college degree.
In 1995, approximately 40 percent of people with some college education—and 10 percent of those with a college degree—worked at jobs requiring only high-school skills. That’s up from 30 percent and 6 percent, respectively, in 1971.
Which of the following statements is NOT true?
选项
A、The economic return to higher education is lower by the more sophisticated analyses than by traditional methods.
B、Results of analyses of college premium differ greatly.
C、Between 1979 and 1997, workers with only high-school degrees saw their real income fall.
D、Graduates from graduate schools have the same economic returns as those from colleges.
答案
D
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/UvXd777K
本试题收录于:
公共英语五级笔试题库公共英语(PETS)分类
0
公共英语五级笔试
公共英语(PETS)
相关试题推荐
TherecentsocialandeconomicchangesintheU.S.havegreatimpactonalltheAmericanhousingsystem.
Thereisagrowingbodyofevidencethatsuggeststhatourbrainprocessesinformationinatleasttwomajorsystems.Theimage
StandardEnglishisthatvarietyofEnglishwhichisusuallyusedillprint,andwhichisnormallytaughtinschoolsandtonon-
Whereispopulationgrowthhappening?
______theUniversityofTechnologywasestablishedin1974?______Inliterature,Baghdadhasearneditsfame?
WhydidJimthinkthatJoycemightbechanginghername?
______ispopularinthesouth?______wasendowedwithparticularhistoricsignificanceinEngland?
Itisgenerallyacknowledgedthatfamiliesarenownotascloseastheyusedtobe.Givepossiblereasonsandyourcommendations
Withunfamiliarhumanbeings,whenweacknowledgetheirhumanness,wemustavoidstaringatthem,andyetwemustalsoavoidign
wastehistalents
随机试题
医院感染病原体的特性包括
经穴大多位于
鹿茸的主治病证不包括()。
按照现行会计制度规定,下列各项中股份有限公司应作为无形资产入账的是()。
关于校准,下列说法不正确的是()。
关键绩效考核指标必须具有可行性和挑战性指的是()。
某字库采用点阵方式描述汉字字形,点阵规模为16×16,每个点用1个二进制位表示,“0”表示白点,“1”表示黑点,逐行编码。某一行的位代码为“0101100010010000”,则该行正确的图形表示为()。
根据我国现行宪法和有关组织的规定,下列关于我国现行立法体制权限划分的表述不正确的是()。
从所给的四个选项中,选择最合适的一个填入问号处,使之呈现一定的规律性:
Whoistheheadofthisdelegation?
最新回复
(
0
)