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  3. (46)A favourite prediction of environmentalism has bitten the dust—too many natural resources, rather than too few, are the caus

(46)A favourite prediction of environmentalism has bitten the dust—too many natural resources, rather than too few, are the caus

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问题     (46)A favourite prediction of environmentalism has bitten the dust—too many natural resources, rather than too few, are the cause of an increasing number of wars in the 21st century.
    (47)Many greens had predicted that the new century would see a rash of wars in countries where natural resources such as timber, water, minerals and fertile soils are running out. But far from it, says the 2002 State of the World report from the prestigious Washington-based think-tank, the Worldwatch Institute.
    In fact, says the report’s co-author Michael Renner, there are "numerous places in the developing world where abundant natural resources help fuel conflicts." More than a quarter of current conflicts are either being fought over, or are funded by, some lucrative natural resource. Examples cited by the Worldwatch Institute include:
    -Diamond mines in Sierra Leone and Angola making the two African nations ripe for plunder by warlords
    -Profits from sapphires, rubies and timber arming the ’Khmer Rouge in their interminable jungle war in Cambodia
    -Guerillas using the threat of sabotage to extort hundreds of millions of dollars from oil companies prospecting in Colombia
    -Opium funding 20 years of war in Afghanistan
    -The Congo’s continuing civil war subsisting on the proceeds of elephant tusks and coltan, a vital mineral in the manufacture of mobile phones
    With the end of the cold war, superpowers no longer fund civil wars for their own geopolitical ends, says Renner. Their place has been taken by the market—in the form of the plunder and sale of natural resources.
    (48)"Nature’s bounty attracts groups that may claim they are driven by grievance, but which initiate violence not to overthrow a government but to gain and maintain control of lucrative resources," says Renner. Such resource wars are being fought because of "greed rather than need."
    (49)According to David Keen at the London School of Economics: "We tend to regard conflict as simply a breakdown in a particular system, rather than as the emergence of another, alternative system of profit and powers i.e. a ’conflict economy’ with the looting of natural resources at its heart."
    Renner warns that warlords in such conflicts have no interest in winning the war, because its continuance is more profitable. (50)And he says too many Western governments are happy to turn a blind eye as their own corporations reap the benefits in cheap no-questions-asked raw materials.
    Renner argues the issue of resource conflicts should be added to the agenda of the forthcoming World Summit on Sustainable Development to be held in Johannesburg in August 2002.

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答案伦纳说："大自然的慷慨吸引了这样一些集团，它们可能声称自己是受愤愤不平的心情驱使，但是由此引起的暴力不是为了推翻一个政府，而是为了获得和保有对可赚钱的资源的控制权"。
解析 这是一个主从复合句。句架是Renner says:"...bounty attracts groups that may claim (that) they are driven by grievance, but which initiate violence not to...but to..."。引号中的所有内容都是says的宾语。在宾语从句中，主句是bounty attracts groups，从that开始是关系代词that所引导的定语从句，用来修饰groups；在该定语从句中，they are driven by grievance是claim的宾语从句，连词that被省略，而which指代they are driven by grievance的句意，引起带有转折意义的非限定性定语从句。句中bounty意为"慷慨，大方"。lucrative意为"赚钱的"。
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