2. 外语
  3. Change—or the ability to adapt oneself to a changing environment—is essential to evolution. The farmer whose land is required fo

Change—or the ability to adapt oneself to a changing environment—is essential to evolution. The farmer whose land is required fo

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问题     Change—or the ability to adapt oneself to a changing environment—is essential to evolution. The farmer whose land is required for housing or industry must adapt himself: he can move to another place and master the problems peculiar to it; he can change his occupation, perhaps after a period of training; or he can starve to death. A nation which cannot adapt its trade or defense requirements to meet world conditions faces economic or military disaster. Nothing is fixed and permanently stable. There must be movement forward, which is progress of a sort, or movement backwards, which is decay and deterioration.
    In this context, tradition can be a force for good or for evil. As long as it offers a guide, it helps the ignorant and the uninformed to take a step forward and, thereby, to adapt themselves to changed circumstances. Tradition, or custom, can guide the hunter as effectively as it can influence the nervous hostess. But if we make an idol (偶像) of tradition, it ceases to become a guide and becomes an obstacle lying across the path of change and progress. If we insist on trying to plot the future by the past, we clearly handicap ourselves and invite failure. The better course is to accept the help which tradition can give, but realizing that it necessarily has its roots in the past, to be well aware of its limitations in a changing world.
According to this passage, which of the following statements is true?
选项 A、To avoid decay and deterioration, we must keep the world permanently stable.
B、The world is always changing, so we must adjust ourselves to new conditions.
C、The important point of evolution is that the world undergoes movement forward and movement backward alternately.
D、Tradition often become an obstacle lying across the path of change and progress.
答案B
解析 本题是一道判断是非题。问下面哪个句子是正确的。利用浏览式阅读法，我们可以在文章第一段的首尾句中找到与本题答案相关的信息。这两部分指出，应变是自身适应环境变化的能力，是进化的基本需要。任何事情都不是永恒的、一成不变的，必然会有前进，即某种进步；也会有倒退，即衰退及退化。因此，本题的正确答案应是B“世界总是在不断地变化着，因此我们必须调整自己以适应新情况”。
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