首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
Many Americans regard the jury system as a concrete expression of crucial democratic values, including the principles that all c
Many Americans regard the jury system as a concrete expression of crucial democratic values, including the principles that all c
admin
2017-12-11
58
问题
Many Americans regard the jury system as a concrete expression of crucial democratic values, including the principles that all citizens who meet minimal qualifications of age and literacy are equally competent to serve on juries; that jurors should be selected randomly from a representative cross section of the community; that no citizen should be denied the right to serve on a jury on account of race, religion, sex, or national origin; that defendants are entitled to trial by their peers; and that verdicts should represent the conscience of the community and not just the letter of the law. The jury is also said to be the best surviving example of direct rather than representative democracy. In a direct democracy, citizens take turns governing themselves, rather than electing representatives to govern for them.
But as recently as in 1986, jury selection procedures conflicted with these democratic ideals. In some states, for example, jury duty was limited to persons of supposedly superior intelligence, education, and moral character. Although the Supreme Court of the United States had prohibited intentional racial discrimination injury selection as early as the 1880 case of Strauder v. West Virginia, the practice of selecting so-called elite or blue-ribbon juries provided a convenient way around this and other antidiscrimination laws.
The system also failed to regularly include women on juries until the mid-20th century. Although women first served on state juries in Utah in 1898, it was not until the 1940s that a majority of states made women eligible for jury duty. Even then several states automatically exempted women from jury duty unless they personally asked to have their names included on the jury list. This practice was justified by the claim that women were needed at home, and it kept juries unrepresentative of women through the 1960s.
In 1968, the Congress of the United States passed the Jury Selection and Service Act, ushering in a new era of democratic reforms for the jury. This law abolished special educational requirements for federal jurors and required them to be selected at random from a cross section of the entire community. In the landmark 1975 decision Taylor v. Louisiana, the Supreme Court extended the requirement that juries be representative of all parts of the community to the state level. The Taylor decision also declared sex discrimination injury selection to be unconstitutional and ordered states to use the same procedures for selecting male and female jurors.
Even in the 1960s, women were seldom on the jury list in some states because
选项
A、they were automatically banned by state laws.
B、they fell far short of the required qualifications.
C、they were supposed to perform domestic duties.
D、they tended to evade public engagement.
答案
C
解析
细节题。文章的第三段主要围绕女性在陪审团制度中的地位来阐述,我们可以看出,在 20世纪40年代,大多数州才赋予女性担任陪审员的资格。本段最后一句:“这种做法的解释是 家里需要女性这使得整个20世纪60年代陪审团里都没有女性代表。”因此,可以判断,在某些 州中女性的名字很少出现在陪审团名单中的原因为C项“她们应该去完成家庭职责”。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/VBBZ777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
Ifyouhavehighbloodpressure,you’reingood【C1】______.Hypertensionaffects67millionAmericans,includingnearlytwo-third
Goinghungryisamajorcontributortoillhealth,particularlyamongchildren,andanewreportrevealshowlong-lastingtheda
Goinghungryisamajorcontributortoillhealth,particularlyamongchildren,andanewreportrevealshowlong-lastingtheda
Airpollutionkilledaboutsevenmillionpeoplelastyear,makingittheworld’ssinglebiggestenvironmentalhealthrisk,theW
Cryingandwakingupinthemiddleofnightareroutineduringanynewborn’sfirstfewmonths.Butifthosecryingepisodescont
Arepasswordsoutdated?It’sstartingtoseemlikeit.Everybodyhatesthem,andnobodycanrememberalltheonesthey’ve【C1】___
Justsevenyearsago,theTexasLegislatureprescribedthatallhighschoolersmustpasstwomathcoursesandgeometrytogradua
Thenewsaboutvitaminskeepsgettingworse.Manystudiespublishedinthelastfewyearsshowsthatavarietyofpopularsupple
Thenewsaboutvitaminskeepsgettingworse.Manystudiespublishedinthelastfewyearsshowsthatavarietyofpopularsupple
JusteastofdowntownIrvine,insouthernCalifornia,apastorallandscapeisunderconstruction.Littlebylittle,aformermil
随机试题
简述完全性和部分性葡萄胎的特点和区别。
“观乎人文,化成天下”,文化对人的熏陶和滋养,就如_________一般,所到之处,生机勃勃,绿意盎然。中国传统文化之所以是我们最深厚的软实力,正是因为其________着中华民族最深沉的精神追求,代表着中华民族独特的精神标识,为中华民族生生不息、发展壮大
在20世纪前期曾经实行过二元君主制政体的国家是()
Theoneaccidentsituationwhereimmediateactionmustbetakeniswhenapersonstopsbreathing.Thismightbetheresultofdr
A.癌细胞团中可见角化珠B.癌细胞团漂浮在黏液中C.黏液将癌细胞核推向一侧D.癌细胞排列成条索状E.癌细胞形成乳头鳞状细胞癌的组织学表现是
案例1995年3月20日,N钢铁公司煤气车间抢险班在煤气管道搭头施工中,由于安全措施不到位,防护不周密,造成严重的煤气中毒事故,10人中毒,1人死亡。在事故发生的前两天,即3月18日,N钢铁公司煤气车间召开生产调度会,对20000m3
某企业2016年的有关资料如下:2016年销售收入1500万元,销售净利率20%。假定该企业流动资产仅包括速动资产与存货,非经营收益为60万元,非付现费用为150万元,经营活动现金净流量为350万元,该企业适用的所得税税率为25%。要求:计算该企
教师要充当__________、团体的领导者、模范公民、__________、__________、亲密朋友、心理辅导者等多种角色。
在采用线性探测法处理冲突所构成的散列表上进行查找,可能要探测多个位置,在查找成功的情况下,所探测的这些位置的键值()。
Asummaryofthephysicalandchemicalnatureoflifemustbegin,notontheEarth,butintheSun;in【C1】______attheSun’sver
最新回复
(
0
)