首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Between the eighth and eleventh centuries A. D, the Byzantine Empire staged an almost un- paralleled economic and cultural reviv
Between the eighth and eleventh centuries A. D, the Byzantine Empire staged an almost un- paralleled economic and cultural reviv
admin
2010-07-06
71
问题
Between the eighth and eleventh centuries A. D, the Byzantine Empire staged an almost un- paralleled economic and cultural revival, a recovery that is all the more striking because it followed a long period of severe internal decline. By the early eighth century, the empire had lost roughly two thirds of the territory it had possessed in the year 600, and its remaining area was being raided by Arabs and Bulgarians, who at times threatened to take Constantinople and extinguish the empire altogether. The wealth of the state and its subjects was greatly diminished and artistic and literary production had virtually ceased. By the early eleventh century, however, the empire had regained al- most half of its lost possessions, its new frontiers were secure, and its influence extended far beyond its borders. The economy had recovered, the treasury was full, and art and scholarship had advanced.
To consider the Byzantine military, cultural, and economic advances as differentiated aspects of a single phenomenon is reasonable. After all, these three forms of progress have gone together in a number of states and civilizations. Rome under Augustus and fifth-century Athens provide the most obvious examples in antiquity.
Moreover, an examination of the apparent sequential connections among military, economic, and cultural forms of progress might help explain the dynamics of historical change. The common explanation of these apparent connections in the case of Byzantium would run like this: when the empire had turned back enemy raids on its own territory and had begun to raid and conquer enemy territory, Byzantine resources naturally expanded and more money became available to patronize art and literature. Therefore, Byzantine military achievements led to economic advances, which in turn led to cultural revival.
No doubt this hypothetical pattern did apply at times during the course of the recovery. Yet it is not clear that military advances invariably came first. Economic advances second and intellectual advances third. In the 860’s the Byzantine Empire began to recover from Arab incursions so that by 872 the military balance with the Abbasid Caliphate had been permanently altered in the empire’s favor. The beginning of the empire’s economic revival, however, can be placed between 810 and 830. Finally, the Byzantine revival of learning appears to have begun even earlier. A number of notable scholars and writers appeared by 788 and, by the last decade of the eighth century, a cultural revival was in full bloom, a revival that lasted until the fall of Constantinople in 1453. Thus the commonly expected order of military revival followed by economic and then by cultural recovery was reversed in Byzantium. In fact, the revival of Byzantine learning may itself have influenced the subsequent economic and military expansion.
The primary purpose of the second paragraph is which of the following?
选项
A、To show that Augustan Rome and fifth-century Athens are examples of cultural, economic, and military expansion against which all subsequent cases must be measured.
B、To suggest that cultural, economic and military advances have tended to be closely interrelated in different societies.
C、To argue that, while the revivals of Augustan Rome and fifth-century Athens were similar, they are unrelated to other historical examples.
D、To indicate that, wherever possible, historians should seek to make comparisons with the earliest chronological examples of revival.
答案
B
解析
本题是一个推断题。考察考生对文章段落的结构和目的进行分析。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/VMDd777K
本试题收录于:
公共英语四级笔试题库公共英语(PETS)分类
0
公共英语四级笔试
公共英语(PETS)
相关试题推荐
Whatisthefirstjobthemanappliedforrightafterhisuniversitygraduation?Howlongdoeshistourgenerallylast?
ThespeakerthinksthattobeateacherismoredifficultthantobethepresidentoftheNEA.Thespeakerwantstochangethe
ThespeakerthinksthattobeateacherismoredifficultthantobethepresidentoftheNEA.Mostteachersaregenerallycons
Youhavereadanarticleinamagazinewhichstates,"Bylaw,cigaretteadvertisementsarestrictlyprohibitedonthemedia.Som
Couldthebadolddaysofeconomicdeclinebeabouttoreturn?SinceOPECagreedtosupply-cutsinMarch,thepriceofcrudeoil
TherecentsocialandeconomicchangesintheU.S.havegreatimpactonalltheAmericanhousingsystem.Peoplemovebacktoc
Thefamilyinthewesternworldhaschangedgreatlyduringthelasttwocenturies.Beforethenineteenthcentury,families
Thefamilyinthewesternworldhaschangedgreatlyduringthelasttwocenturies.Beforethenineteenthcentury,families
NewfiguresfromFrance,GermanyandItaly--thethreebiggesteconomiesinthe12-countryEurozone-suggestthecontinent’sec
NewfiguresfromFrance,GermanyandItaly--thethreebiggesteconomiesinthe12-countryEurozone-suggestthecontinent’sec
随机试题
A.癌性溃疡B.十二指肠球后溃疡C.复合溃疡D.胃多发溃疡溃疡不规则,底部污秽,凸凹不平,胃酸缺乏:
乳疬相当于西医学的病名是()
最常见的子宫内膜异位症病灶部位在
吸收是指药物自给药部位进入血液循环的过程。下列给药途径中,生物利用度为100%的是()。
【2014专业知识真题上午卷】某车间变电所配置一台1600kV.A,10±2×2.5%/0.4kV,阻抗电压为6%的变压器,低压母线装设300kvar并联补偿电容器,正常时全部投入,请回答下列问题。该变电所低压侧一馈电线路为容量26kV.A,电压380
海洋工程建设项目的海洋环境影响报告书必须经()审核。
由企业的成员或其他人员以企业的名义进行的审核被称为()。
幻听最常见于()。
Thesentence"Thatgovernmentofthepeople,bythepeople,forthepeople,shallnotperishfromtheearth."isfromthespeec
It’sSaturdaynight.Accountantsandbanktellersareatschoollearninganewbusinessskill."Whiskey,whiskey,whiskey,"t
最新回复
(
0
)