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  3. Preventing Child Maltreatment Child maltreatment is a global problem with serious life-long consequences. There are no relia

Preventing Child Maltreatment Child maltreatment is a global problem with serious life-long consequences. There are no relia

admin2012-07-29  44
问题                         Preventing Child Maltreatment
    Child maltreatment is a global problem with serious life-long consequences. There are no reliable global estimates for the prevalence of child maltreatment. Data for many countries, especially low-and middle-income countries, are lacking.
    Child maltreatment is complex and difficult to study. Current estimates vary widely depending on the country and the method of research used. Nonetheless, international studies reveal that approximately 20% of women and 5%-10% of men report being Sexually abused as children, while 25%-50% of all children report being physically abused. Additionally, many children are subject to emotional abuse (sometimes referred to as psychological abuse).
    Every year, there are an estimated 31, 000 homicide deaths in children under 15. This number underestimates the true extent of the problem, as a significant proportion of deaths due to child maltreatment are incorrectly attributed to falls, burns and drowning.
    Child maltreatment causes suffering to children and families and can have long-term consequences. Maltreatment causes stress that is associated with disruption in early brain development. Extreme stress can impair the development of the nervous and immune systems. Consequently, as adults, maltreated children are at increased risk for behavioural, physical and mental health problems. Via the behavioural and mental health consequences, maltreatment can contribute to heart disease, cancer, suicide and sexually transmitted infections.
    Beyond the health consequences of child maltreatment, there is an economic impact, including costs of hospitalization, mental health treatment, child welfare, and longer-term health costs.
    It is important to emphasize that children are the victims and are never to blame for maltreatment. A number of characteristics of an individual child may increase the likelihood of being maltreated, such as being either under four years old or an adolescent, being unwanted, or failing to fulfil the expectations of parents and having special needs, crying persistently or having abnormal physical features.
The difficult situation in the global estimates of the child maltreatment is due to the following factors EXCEPT______according to the passage.
选项 A、child maltreatment is a global problem
B、there is no exact data about low-and mid-income countries
C、there is a shortage of the professional data collectors
D、different scientists use different research methods
答案C
解析 文中第一段提到了虐待儿童是一全球问题，无法获得中低收入国家中儿童受虐数字资料，第二段开头提到了儿童受虐数字难以统计的另外一个原因，即研究方法的差异性，只有专业统计人员是否缺乏没有提及，因此答案为C。
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