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  3. Recent years have brought minority-owned businesses in the United States unprecedented opportunities — as well as new and signif

Recent years have brought minority-owned businesses in the United States unprecedented opportunities — as well as new and signif

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问题     Recent years have brought minority-owned businesses in the United States unprecedented opportunities — as well as new and significant risks. Civil rights activists have long argued that one of the principal reasons why Blacks, Hispanics, and other minority groups have difficulty establishing themselves in business is that they lack access to the sizable orders and subcontracts that are generated by large companies. Now Congress, in apparent agreement, has required by law that businesses awarded federal contracts of more than $ 1,000,000 do their best to find minority subcontractors and record their efforts to do so on forms filed with the government. Indeed, some federal and local agencies have gone so far as to set specific percentage goals for apportioning parts of public works contracts to minority enterprises.
    Corporate response appears to have been substantial. According to figures collected in 1997, the total of corporate contracts with minority businesses rose from $177 million in 1992 to $2.2 billion in 1997. The projected total of corporate contracts with minority businesses for the early 2000’s is estimated to be over 70 billion per year with no letup anticipated in the next decade.
    Promising as it is for minority businesses, this increased patronage poses dangers for them, too. First, minority firms risk expanding too fast and overextending themselves financially, since most are small concerns and, unlike large businesses, they often need to make substantial investments in new plants, staff, equipment, and the like in order to perform work subcontracted to them. If, thereafter, their subcontracts are for some reason reduced, such firms can face potentially crippling fixed expenses. The world of corporate purchasing can be frustrating for small entrepreneurs who get requests for elaborate formal estimates and bids. Both consume valuable time and resources, and a small company’s efforts must soon result in orders, or both the morale and the financial health of the business will suffer.
    A second risk is that White-owned companies may seek to cash in on the increasing apportionments through formation of joint ventures with minority-owned concerns. Of course, in many instances there are legitimate reasons for joint ventures; clearly, White and minority enterprises can team up to acquire business that neither could acquire alone. But civil rights groups and minority business owners have complained to Congress about minorities being set up as "fronts" with White backing, rather than being accepted as full partners in legitimate joint ventures.
    Third, a minority enterprise that secures the business of one large corporate customer often runs the danger of becoming — and remaining — dependent. Even in the best of circumstances, fierce competition from larger, more established companies makes it difficult for small concerns to broaden their customer bases: when such firms have nearly guaranteed orders from a single corporate benefactor, they may truly have to struggle against complacency arising from their current success.
Which of the following is a danger to minority businesses?
选项 A、Minority businesses may expand too slow to compete with the White-owned companies.
B、Minority businesses may be taken advantage by White-owned companies.
C、Minority businesses may be too independent to control.
D、Minority businesses may rely too much on government support.
答案B
解析 事实细节题。文章在第三段首句提到了minority business所面临的潜在危险，并在第三段第二句以及第四段和第五段的首句进行了论述。观察选项不难发现，[A]项中的too slow与原文中的too fast相悖；[C]项的描述是对尾段首句的错误理解。原文中并没有提到to control的信息；[D]项内容原文并未提及。只有[B]项是对第四段首句的同义转述：有些白人企业想通过和少数民族企业合资让自己也能享受更好的待遇，也就是说白人企业只不过想利用少数民族企业而已。因此，本题答案是[B]。
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