首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
A、Language change according to a product-based view. B、Language change according to a process-based view. C、Tendency of differen
A、Language change according to a product-based view. B、Language change according to a process-based view. C、Tendency of differen
admin
2022-01-23
71
问题
J: Divergence is by no means the only possible tendency. Some scholars introduced a "wave" model in which linguistic changes spread like waves, leading ultimately to convergence. That is, growing similarity among languages that were initially quite different.
I: While divergence indicates tendency of differentiating languages, convergence means similarity of languages.
J: Right. Besides that, most linguists think primarily in terms of linguistic family trees. They find it necessary to construct some explicit models of how language change might occur according to a process-based view.
I: Have they formed some models?
J: So far, there are four main classes of models. The first is the process of initial colonization, by which an uninhabited territory becomes populated; its language naturally becomes that of the colonizers. The second are processes of divergence, such as the linguistic divergence arising from separation or isolation mentioned above in relation to early models of the Indo-European languages. The third group of models is based on processes of linguistic convergence. The wave model, formulated by Johannes Schmidt in the 1870’s, is an example. But convergence methods have not generally found favors among linguists.
I: What is the fourth class?
J: The slow and rather static operation of these processes is complicated by another factor: linguistic replacement. That factor provides the basis for a fourth class of models. In many areas of the world the languages initially spoken by the indigenous people have come to be replaced, fully or partially, by languages spoken by people coming from outside.
I: Just like American Indians hardly use their original language right now. They speak English, instead.
J: Yes. Anyway, if this large complicating factor was not discovered, the world’s linguistic history would be described by the traditional view of an Ur-language, followed by the gradual, long-term workings of divergence and convergence. So linguistic replacement also has a key role in explaining the origins of the Indo-European languages.
I: I quite agree. Well, Joanna, thank you for giving us so much information on the origins of Indo-European languages.
J: My pleasure.
I: Next week, we will have Professor Linda Smith from Oxford University to tell
us the development of English in recent decades. I will meet you then the same
time. Bye-bye.
6. What do linguistic family trees mainly indicate?
7. How many classes of models are there in the development of languages?
8. When did the wave model formulate?
9. Which factor provides the basis for the fourth class of model?
10. What does Joanna think of the linguistic replacement factor in explaining the origins of the Indo-European languages?
选项
A、Language change according to a product-based view.
B、Language change according to a process-based view.
C、Tendency of differentiating languages.
D、Tendency of assimilating languages.
答案
B
解析
细节题。关于语言家谱,受访者说道:Besides that,most linguists think primarily in terms of linguistic family trees.They find it necessary to construct some explicit models of how language change might occur according to a process-based view.因此答案是选项B。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/W7IK777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
Duringtheearlyyearsofthiscentury,wheatwasseenastheverylifebloodofWesternCanadaPeopleoncitystreetswatchedt
Duringtheearlyyearsofthiscentury,wheatwasseenastheverylifebloodofWesternCanadaPeopleoncitystreetswatchedt
A、Speakingasfluentlyasanativespeaker.B、Gainingproficiencyinaforeignlanguage.C、Learningalanguagewellwithinamon
PASSAGETWOAccordingtoPsychologicalScience,whatmayaffectthedecision-makingprocessbesidestiredness?
A、Gethelpfuladviceonpotentialjobs.B、Learnpracticalskillsofthefuturejob.C、Askforhigherstartingsalaries.D、Sendo
ThingstobeTaughtinEverySchoolI.Introduction:Importanceofstudents’abilitytodealwiththerealworld.A.Speaker’so
DifferentTypesofLearningI.ThedefinitionoflearningA.AprocessofpeopleexperiencingrelationshipbetweeneventsB.【T1】
DifferentTypesofLearningI.ThedefinitionoflearningA.AprocessofpeopleexperiencingrelationshipbetweeneventsB.【T1】
A、Bothcandidates.B、Electoralinstitutions.C、TheUnitedNations.D、Notspecified.B细节理解题。本题考查受采访者认为应当由谁来对竞选过程中的欺诈问题负责。由“Webel
随机试题
CYb一250S723采油树上的平板阀通径为()。
无黄疽型钩体病死亡的主要原因是( )。
女性,28岁。2年来阵发心悸,1天前无明显诱因再次发作,伴头晕,乏力,胸闷,无胸痛,无黑蒙晕厥。查体:BP96/53mmHg,P120次/分,双肺音清,心律齐,未闻及杂音。对该患者实施的根治方法为
肛裂的疼痛特点是
患者,女,35岁,已婚。月经后期,40~50天一行,量少、色暗、时有血块,小腹较胀,乳房胀痛,舌略暗苔薄,脉弦。其证候是()
皮肤康洗液适用于肤痒颗粒适用于
阴阳学说认为人体的正常状态是( )。
资产净利率的计算公式是()。
甲公司为增值税一般纳税人,适用的增值税税率为17%,2015年12月发生如下相关交易或事项:(1)3日,甲公司采用托收承付方式向乙公司销售商品一批,增值税专用发票上注明售价200万元,增值税税额34万元,该批商品成本为120万元,双方签订合同时,甲公司得
设直线L:及π:x-y+2z-1=0.求直线L在平面π上的投影直线L0;
最新回复
(
0
)