首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
[A]But scientists are still working to improve on that, and among them is social psychologist Aldert Vrij of the University of P
[A]But scientists are still working to improve on that, and among them is social psychologist Aldert Vrij of the University of P
admin
2014-09-05
69
问题
[A]But scientists are still working to improve on that, and among them is social psychologist Aldert Vrij of the University of Portsmouth in England. Vrij has been using a key insight from his field to improve interrogation methods. In short, the truth is automatic and effortless, and lying is the opposite of that. It is intentional, deliberate and exhausting. The human mind, despite its impressive abilities, has limited capacity for how much thinking it can handle at any one time. So piling on demands for additional, simultaneous thought—or cognitive " load "—compromises normal information processing.
[B]When Vrij and his colleagues asked volunteers what their offices looked like, after instructing half to tell the truth about their occupations and half to lie, both truth tellers and liars gave the same amount of detail in their verbal responses. But when Vrij asked them to draw their offices, the liars’ drawings were much less detailed than those of the truth tellers.
[C]All these tricks may seem like overkill when we think about the fictional detectives we know, including Holmes Sherlock, who seem able to ferret out every falsehood they hear without using any strategies other than their intuition. But in real life, such people are exceedingly rare; and researchers have been trying—without a lot of success—to unravel these genius’ strategies. Until they do, less sophisticated lie catchers may be able to exploit the mind’ s cognitive deficits, using tricks such as Vrij’ s, to catch the bad guys in their deceptions.
[D]And in fact, that is just what happens in the lab: Vrij ran an experiment in which half the liars and truth tellers were instructed to recall their stories in reverse order. When observers later looked at videotapes of the complete interviews, they correctly spotted only 42 percent of the lies people told when recounting their stories without fabrication— below average, which means they were hard to spot—but a remarkable 60 percent when the liars were compromised by the reverse storytelling.
[E]Psychological scientists are fascinated by keen lie spotter. Detecting lies and liars is essential to effective policing and prosecution of criminals, but it is maddeningly difficult. Most of us can correctly spot barely more than half of all lies and truths through listening and observation—meaning we are wrong almost as often as we are right. And half a century of research has done little to polish this unimpressive track record.
[F]Another strategy that could be surprisingly effective is to ask suspects to draw a picture. Putting pencil to paper forces people to give spatial information—something that most liars have not prepared for as part of planning their lies and that, therefore, overtaxes their mental resources.
[G]Here are a few strategies that Vrij and his colleagues have been testing in the laboratory. One intriguing strategy is to demand that suspects tell their stories in reverse. Narrating backward increases cognitive load because it runs counter to the natural forward sequencing of events. Because liars already have depleted cognitive resources, they should find this unfamiliar mental exercise more taxing than truth tellers do—which should increase the likelihood that they will somehow betray themselves.
[*]
【C2】
选项
答案
G
解析
文章第二段[A]段中指出心理学家Vrij使用心理学手段提高测谎准确率。他利用人脑同时处理多个问题的能力有限性这一弱点设计种种巧妙的实验,增加说谎者的大脑运作负荷,从而让谎言不攻自破。因此,在接下来的几段中作者一定会就Vrij的实验展开具体讨论。[F]段有一个明显的连接词Another strategy;[G]段开头第一句话也是一个明显的衔接句Hereare a few strategies that Vrij and his colleagues have been testing in the laboratory.很明显,两相比较,放在前面的一段应该是[G]段。这一段主要讨论的实验方法是让测谎者倒着讲述故事。由于倒着描述会增加大脑的认知负荷,因此可能让说谎者露出马脚。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/WJK4777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
Attemptstounderstandtherelationshipbetweensocialbehaviorandhealthhavetheirorigininhistory.Dubos(1969)suggested
Attemptstounderstandtherelationshipbetweensocialbehaviorandhealthhavetheirorigininhistory.Dubos(1969)suggested
ThestudiescitedbytheNationalEatingDisordersAssociationisbasedon______.FromtheParagraph5wemayinferthatAnorex
Whichofthefollowingtitlesbestsummarizesthecontentofthetext?Accordingtotheauthor,thedebatehasspecialsignific
Ahospitalisaninstitutionthatprovidesmedicalservicesforacommunity.Thedoctors,nurses,andotherpersonnelofahospi
Youwillgraduatefromuniversityandarehuntingforajob.Afterreadingajobads,writealettertothePersonnelResources
Alzheimer’sdiseaseisaproblemofoldage.InAmerica,thereisabouta50%chancethatanindividualwillhavedevelopeditb
EuropeansandAmericansalikehavecertainromanticnotionsaboutSweden.Weimagineitasalandofliberal-mindedpeoplelivin
Ithasbeenjustlysaidthatwhile"wespeakwithourvocalorganswe【B1】______withourwholebodies."Allofuscommunicatew
随机试题
患者34岁,女性,半年来月经增多,皮肤瘀斑伴有牙龈出血1周余,不挑食,无光过敏和口腔溃疡,查体:脾侧位肋下刚触及。化验血:血红蛋白80g/L,红细胞4.2×1012/L,白细胞5.4×109/L,血小板32×109/L,尿常规(一)。最有助于诊断
某建设项目大气环境影响评价工作等级为二级,评价范围内有学校、医院、居民区、污水处理厂、商用写字楼。以下预测计算点均符合《环境影响评价技术导则—大气环境》要求的是()。
某公司在聘任一名高级主管时,对这名主管提出了很多无限制的问题。在面试的过程中,这名应聘者与先前应聘者的紧张形成了鲜明的对比,他的自信引起了面试考官的注意,后来在面试中脱颖而出。但是在后期的工作中,该名主管并没有达到公司对他的预期期望。请根据上述资料,回答
A有限责任公司有甲、乙、丙、丁四名股东,甲拟将其股权转让给戊;已知A有限责任公司章程未对股权转让事项作出规定。根据公司法律制度的规定,下列说法中正确的是()。
【资料】初中生刘某由于在课堂上讲话,被班干部罚当众深蹲90下。刘某回到家后,感觉双腿酸疼,头昏眼花,更严重的是刘某感到当众受到侮辱,说什么也不愿去上学了。次日,刘某的家长找到学校,班主任态度很好,表示事发时他正外出开会,不知道发生了这种事,教师从来也没给过
下列匹配不正确的是()。(华东师范大学)
[*]
Themostobviouspurposeofadvertisingistoinformtheconsumerofavailableproductsorservices.Thesecond【C1】______istos
Thewarwasthemostpeacefulperiodofmylife.Thewindowofmybedroomfacedsouth-east.Ialwayswokeupwiththefirstligh
在中国,人们将那些有国外学习或工作经历的归国人员称为海归(returnee)。他们在国外就业机会少,很难融入外国主流(mainstream)文化。在全球经济衰退(recession)的背景下,中国经济仍保持强劲的增长势头。越来越多的海归认识到中国市场的潜力
最新回复
(
0
)