首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
[A]But scientists are still working to improve on that, and among them is social psychologist Aldert Vrij of the University of P
[A]But scientists are still working to improve on that, and among them is social psychologist Aldert Vrij of the University of P
admin
2014-09-05
66
问题
[A]But scientists are still working to improve on that, and among them is social psychologist Aldert Vrij of the University of Portsmouth in England. Vrij has been using a key insight from his field to improve interrogation methods. In short, the truth is automatic and effortless, and lying is the opposite of that. It is intentional, deliberate and exhausting. The human mind, despite its impressive abilities, has limited capacity for how much thinking it can handle at any one time. So piling on demands for additional, simultaneous thought—or cognitive " load "—compromises normal information processing.
[B]When Vrij and his colleagues asked volunteers what their offices looked like, after instructing half to tell the truth about their occupations and half to lie, both truth tellers and liars gave the same amount of detail in their verbal responses. But when Vrij asked them to draw their offices, the liars’ drawings were much less detailed than those of the truth tellers.
[C]All these tricks may seem like overkill when we think about the fictional detectives we know, including Holmes Sherlock, who seem able to ferret out every falsehood they hear without using any strategies other than their intuition. But in real life, such people are exceedingly rare; and researchers have been trying—without a lot of success—to unravel these genius’ strategies. Until they do, less sophisticated lie catchers may be able to exploit the mind’ s cognitive deficits, using tricks such as Vrij’ s, to catch the bad guys in their deceptions.
[D]And in fact, that is just what happens in the lab: Vrij ran an experiment in which half the liars and truth tellers were instructed to recall their stories in reverse order. When observers later looked at videotapes of the complete interviews, they correctly spotted only 42 percent of the lies people told when recounting their stories without fabrication— below average, which means they were hard to spot—but a remarkable 60 percent when the liars were compromised by the reverse storytelling.
[E]Psychological scientists are fascinated by keen lie spotter. Detecting lies and liars is essential to effective policing and prosecution of criminals, but it is maddeningly difficult. Most of us can correctly spot barely more than half of all lies and truths through listening and observation—meaning we are wrong almost as often as we are right. And half a century of research has done little to polish this unimpressive track record.
[F]Another strategy that could be surprisingly effective is to ask suspects to draw a picture. Putting pencil to paper forces people to give spatial information—something that most liars have not prepared for as part of planning their lies and that, therefore, overtaxes their mental resources.
[G]Here are a few strategies that Vrij and his colleagues have been testing in the laboratory. One intriguing strategy is to demand that suspects tell their stories in reverse. Narrating backward increases cognitive load because it runs counter to the natural forward sequencing of events. Because liars already have depleted cognitive resources, they should find this unfamiliar mental exercise more taxing than truth tellers do—which should increase the likelihood that they will somehow betray themselves.
[*]
【C2】
选项
答案
G
解析
文章第二段[A]段中指出心理学家Vrij使用心理学手段提高测谎准确率。他利用人脑同时处理多个问题的能力有限性这一弱点设计种种巧妙的实验,增加说谎者的大脑运作负荷,从而让谎言不攻自破。因此,在接下来的几段中作者一定会就Vrij的实验展开具体讨论。[F]段有一个明显的连接词Another strategy;[G]段开头第一句话也是一个明显的衔接句Hereare a few strategies that Vrij and his colleagues have been testing in the laboratory.很明显,两相比较,放在前面的一段应该是[G]段。这一段主要讨论的实验方法是让测谎者倒着讲述故事。由于倒着描述会增加大脑的认知负荷,因此可能让说谎者露出马脚。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/WJK4777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
Attemptstounderstandtherelationshipbetweensocialbehaviorandhealthhavetheirorigininhistory.Dubos(1969)suggested
Attemptstounderstandtherelationshipbetweensocialbehaviorandhealthhavetheirorigininhistory.Dubos(1969)suggested
Asia’srealboat-rockerisagrowingChina,notJapan,aseniorAmericaneconomistobserved.Thereissomuchnoisesurround
Personalizedmedicinehasprovedanelusivedream.Biotechnologycompanieshaveclaimedthatbymatchingaperson’sgeneticmake
Personalizedmedicinehasprovedanelusivedream.Biotechnologycompanieshaveclaimedthatbymatchingaperson’sgeneticmake
Speech,whetheroralorwritten,isausedcommodity.Ifwearetobeheard,wemust(1)_____ourwordsfromthose(2)_____tou
Foralongtime,researchershavetriedtonaildownjustwhatshapesus—orwhat,atleast,shapesusmost.Andovertheyears,
EuropeansandAmericansalikehavecertainromanticnotionsaboutSweden.Weimagineitasalandofliberal-mindedpeoplelivin
Therehasbeenmuchhand-wringingoverthedangersofmedicalresidents’gruelingschedules.Doctors-in-trainingoftenforgosle
Ithasbeenjustlysaidthatwhile"wespeakwithourvocalorganswe【B1】______withourwholebodies."Allofuscommunicatew
随机试题
蠕虫成虫直接产幼虫的有
剧场观众厅地面坡度超过多少时应做台阶?
施工图预算的编制采用的计价方法中,______是工程量清单计价模式采用的计价方式。
出差人员必须随身携带的差旅费,现金支付不受结算起点的限制。()
某跨国汽车公司1997年进入中国市场,业务范围不断扩大,不仅在汽车制造领域站稳脚跟,而且通过并购、联合等多种形式,使业务遍及家电、医药、建筑等多个领域。在汽车制造领域,该公司业绩表现尤为突出,不断针对不同类型人群,推出具有独特功能和款式的新型号汽车,占领不
河南自然旅游资源的特点有()。
关于求助者的重要问题,以下描述哪些是正确的?()
下列犯罪行为中,侵犯的客体是简单客体的是()。
设Ω:x2+y+z2≤1,则
单个项目管理的过程组中,_________的主要任务是确定和细化目标,并规划为实现项目目标和项目范围的行动方针和路线,确保实现项目目标。
最新回复
(
0
)