首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Parents of wailing(哀号)babies, take comfort: You are not alone. Chimpanzee babies fuss. Sea gull chicks squawk. Burying beetle la
Parents of wailing(哀号)babies, take comfort: You are not alone. Chimpanzee babies fuss. Sea gull chicks squawk. Burying beetle la
admin
2017-06-11
39
问题
Parents of wailing(哀号)babies, take comfort: You are not alone. Chimpanzee babies fuss. Sea gull chicks squawk. Burying beetle larvae tap their parents’ legs. Throughout the animal kingdom, babies know how to get their parents’ attention. Exactly why evolution has produced all this fussing, squawking and tapping is a question many biologists are trying to answer.
Someday, that answer may shed some light on the mystery of crying in human babies. " It may point researchers in the right direction to find the cause of excessive crying," said Joseph Soltis, a bioacoustics expert at Disney’s Animal Kingdom in Lake Buena Vista. Florida. Soltis published an article on the evolution of crying in the current issue of Behavioral and Brain Sciences.
Young animals vary in how much they cry, squawk or otherwise communicate with their parents, and studies with mice, beetles and monkeys show that this variation is partly based on genes. Some level of crying in humans, of course, is based on gas pains and messy diapers. But as for the genetic contribution, you might expect that natural selection would favor genes for noisier children, since they would get more attention.
Before long, however, this sort of deception may be ruinous. If the signals of offspring became totally unreliable, parents would no longer benefit from paying attention. Some evolutionary biologists have proposed that natural selection should therefore favor so-called honest advertisements. Some biologists have speculated that these honest advertisements may not just tell a parent which offspring are hungry. They might also show their parent that they are healthy and vigorous and therefore worth some extra investment. The babies of monkeys cry out to their mothers and tend to cry even more around the time their mothers wean(断奶)them. The mothers, in response, begin to ignore most of their babies’ distress calls, since most turn out to be false alarms.
" Initially, mothers respond any time an infant cries," said Dado Maestripieri, a primatologist at the University of Chicago. "But as the cries increase, they respond less and less. They become more skeptical. So infants start crying less. So they go through these cycles, adjusting their responses. "
Kim Bard, a primatologist at the University of Plymouth in England, has spent more than a decade observing chimpanzee babies. "Chimps can cry for a long time if something terrible is happening to them, but when you pick them up, they stop," Bard said. "I’ve never seen any chimpanzees in the first three months of life be inconsolable. "
Maestripieri and other researchers say these evolutionary forces may have also shaped the cries of human babies. "All primate infants cry. " Maestripieri said. "It’s a very conserved behavior. It’s not something humans have evolved on their own. "
What is implied in Paragraph 4?
选项
A、Children with truthful cry may eventually draw their mothers’ attention.
B、Noisy infants are preferred by their mothers for their health and strength.
C、Mothers would rather nurse the obedient babies.
D、Mothers tend to ignore the deceitful cry.
答案
A
解析
本题是推理题。本段提到“If the signals of offspring became totally unreliable.parents would no longer benefit from paying attention.Some evolutionary biologists have proposedthat natural selection should therefore favor so-called honest advertisements.”,当父母意识到孩子在发假信号时,他们就不再关注这些信号了。有的进化生物学家认为自然选择可能因此会有利于那些发真信号的孩子。在此段的最后,作者提到“The mothers,in response,begin toignore most of their babies’distress calls,since most turn out to be false alarms.”,母亲开始忽略孩子的大多数嚎叫,因为大多数嚎叫是假的。由此可推断出,母亲会关注那些发出真实信号的孩子。故A正确。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/WNFO777K
0
考博英语
相关试题推荐
Overthepasttwodecades,thelivesofAmericanwomenhaveundergoneunparalleledchange.TheVirginiaSlimsOpinionPollhasc
Developingapeaceful,understanding,andsupportiverelationshipbetweenparentsandchildrenisnotaneasytask.Failurescana
Developingapeaceful,understanding,andsupportiverelationshipbetweenparentsandchildrenisnotaneasytask.Failurescana
Americansarehighly_____,andthereforemayfinditdifficulttobecomedeeplyinvolvedwithothers.
ThismonthSingaporepassedabillthatwouldgivelegalteethtothemoralobligationtosupportone’sparents.CalledtheMai
OnMay1,1960,anAmericanU-2reconnaissanceplanewasshotdowninsidetheSovietUnion.Khrushchev,thoroughlyincensed,called
Veryyoungchildrenwithnoreadingexperiencemayastoundtheirparentswiththefirstwordstheyread,suchasadepartmentsto
Oneofthemajordifferencesbetweenmanandhisclosestlivingrelativeis,ofcourse,thatthechimpanzeehasnotdevelopedthe
Oneofthemajordifferencesbetweenmanandhisclosestlivingrelativeis,ofcourse,thatthechimpanzeehasnotdevelopedthe
随机试题
新发展理念的科学内涵是()
尿道口囊肿手术治疗后最主要的并发症为
下列关于尿量的描述正确的是
患者女性,24岁。已婚,未生育,主因停经2个月余,阴道不规则出血1周,自测尿妊免阳性,血hCG高于正常妊娠月份,B超提示子宫大于正常妊娠月份,双侧卵巢有黄素化囊肿。可能的诊断为
关于梅毒,下列哪项正确
甲公司因违约于2015年11月被乙公司起诉。该项诉讼在2015年12月31日尚未判决,甲公司认为很有可能败诉,进而对该项诉讼确认了预计负债100万元。2016年2月15日财务报告批准报出之前,法院判决甲公司需要偿付乙公司的经济损失90万元,甲公司不再上诉并
江大奎经过公开选拔,出任某局局长。经过深入细致的调查研究,党组针对后勤工作管理混乱、人浮于事、消费严重的情况,研究制订了《关于机关后勤工作的改革方案》。在机关后勤工作改革动员大会上,局里特意邀请了上级主管部门的一位领导出席并讲话。大家没料到该领导由于不了解
Successfulbusinessestendtocontinueimplementingtheideasthatmadethemsuccessful.Butinarapidlychangingworld,ideas
封建制五刑体系中,加、减若干等,实行上下推算原则量刑的刑罚有()。
“针对不同专业用户的需要所编制的大量的应用程序,进而把它们逐步实现标准化、模块化所形成的解决各种典型问题的应用程序的组合”描述的是
最新回复
(
0
)