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  3. Slavery has played a significant role in the history of the U. S. It existed in all the English mainland colonies and most of th

Slavery has played a significant role in the history of the U. S. It existed in all the English mainland colonies and most of th

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问题     Slavery has played a significant role in the history of the U. S. It existed in all the English mainland colonies and most of the Founding Fathers also had slaves, as did eight of the first 12 presidents.
    Dutch traders brought 20 Africans to Jamestown, Virginia, as early as 1619, however, throughout the 17 th century the number of Africans in the English mainland colonies grew very slowly. At that time, colonists used two other sources of unfree labor: Native American slaves and European indentured servants.
    During those years, every colony had some Native American slaves, but their number was limited. Indian men avoided performing agricultural labor, because they viewed it as women’ s work, and colonists complained that they were too "haughty". The more important was that the settlers found it more convenient to sell Native Americans captured in war to planters in the Caribbean than to turn them into slaves, because they often resisted and it was not hard for the slaves to escape. Later, the policy of killing Indians or driving them away from white settlements was proposed and it contradicted with their widespread employment as slaves.
    The other form of labor was the white indentured servitude. Most indentured servants consisted of poor Europeans. Desiring to escape tough conditions in Europe and take advantage of fabled opportunities in America, they traded three to seven years of their labor in exchange for the transatlantic passage. At first, it was mainly English who were the white indentured servitude but later increasingly Irish, Welsh, and German joined. They were essentially temporary slaves and most of them served as agricultural workers although some, especially in the North, were taught skilled trades. During the 17th century, they performed most of heavy labor in the Southern colonies and also consisted of the bulk of immigrants to those colonies.
    At the end of the 17th century, in order to meet the labor need, landowners in America turned to African slaves. During the late 17th and 18th centuries, thanks to the dominant position of England in terms of naval superiority, English traders (some of whom lived in English America) transported millions of Africans across the Atlantic. And the transatlantic slave trade produced one of the largest forced migrations in history, blacks (the great majority of whom were slaves) increasing from about 7 percent of the American population in 1680 to more than 40 percent by the middle of the 18th century.
Which of the following was true of the slavery in America?
选项 A、The colonists sold African Americans to planters in the Caribbean.
B、Native American slaves performed agricultural labor.
C、During the 17th century, the white indentured servitude was the main labor in the Southern colonies.
D、It was at the end of the 17th century that African people began to be brought to America.
答案C
解析 由第三段第三句“The more important was that the settlers found it more convenient to sell Native Americans captured in war to planters in the Caribbean than to turn them into slaves, because they often resisted and it was not hard for the slaves to escape．(更重要的是，殖民者发现把在战争中俘获的印第安人卖给加勒比地区的种植园主，而不是把他们变成奴隶，这样做更方便，因为他们往往进行反抗，也很容易逃走。)”可知，选项A不正确。由第三段第二句“Indian men avoided performing agricultural labor，because they viewed it as women’s work, and colonists complained that they were too‘haughty’．”(印第安男子不从事农业劳动，因为他们认为那是妇女的工作，殖民者也抱怨说他们太“傲慢”。)可知，选项B不正确。由第二段第一句“Dutch traders brought 20 Africans to Jamestown，Virginia，as early as 1619(早在1619年，荷兰商人就把20个非洲人带到了弗吉尼亚州的詹姆斯敦)”可知，选项D不正确。由第四段最后一句“During the 17th century，they performed most of heavy labor in the Southern colonies(在17世纪的南方殖民地，大多数的重活都是由他们干)”可知，选项C正确。所以，本题选择C。
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