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  3. College students are paying more. They are taking on more debt. They are accepting worse jobs after they graduate and earning le

College students are paying more. They are taking on more debt. They are accepting worse jobs after they graduate and earning le

admin2015-07-05  55
问题     College students are paying more. They are taking on more debt. They are accepting worse jobs after they graduate and earning less than they did just five years ago. So how could it possibly be true that college is more important than ever? The answer is sunscreen.
    College in today’s economy is like sunscreen on a scorchingly (炙热地) hot afternoon: You have to see the people who didn’t apply it to fully appreciate how important it is. The same way a scorching sun both makes sunscreen feel ineffective and makes it more crucial than ever, recessions can both make a college degree seem ineffective and make it more important than ever.
    One of the confusing things about college is that it’s hard to keep straight its price, cost, and value. The sticker price of college—that is, the published tuition—isn’t paid by most middle-class students, who receive grants, tuition breaks, and tax benefits. The average net price of a bachelor’s degree is still 55 percent lower than the sticker price today. For many students, tax benefits eliminate the full cost of an associate’s degree. College is much cheaper than advertised.
    But the true cost of higher education isn’t just the money you pay to attend school. It’s also the earnings you give up in the workforce. These lost earnings are quite apparent to, say, MBA applicants skipping $70,000 jobs to go to business school. Recessions lower the true cost of college because they make it easier to ignore the labor market for a few years and settle in for a degree. Even as the tuition cost of college has grown recently, the opportunity cost of college has fallen in the last few years because of the sick economy. The upshot is that, shockingly, the New York Fed found that the average "total" cost of a four-year degree isn’t much higher than it was 40 years ago.
    It’s a myth that the average wage of college grads is always rising. In fact, college-grad wages have spent as much time falling as rising since the 1970s. Real college wages fell between 1970 and 1982, rose between 1982 and the mid-2000s, and now they’re falling again. But everybody else’s wages are falling even faster. The "college premium" is still near all-time highs.
    The Internet is keenly excited today over a new Brookings study claiming that the student-loan crisis isn’t actually a crisis, since there’s no evidence that debtors are devoting a higher share of their monthly income to student loan payments. A second point it makes is clear and validated (验证) by other surveys by the New York Fed: Although student debtors owing more than $50,000 make up an outsized share of media reports about student debt, they make up a small share (less than 10 percent) of overall student debtors.
It can be inferred from the fourth paragraph that________.
选项 A、the true cost of college includes what you pay and what you give up
B、the tuition cost of college has continued to rise these days
C、the opportunity cost of college has been increased by the weak economy
D、the total cost of college is the same as it was forty years ago
答案A
解析 推理判断题。第四段第一、二句指出，高等教育的真实成本不仅仅是你为了上学而支付的费用，它还包括你所放弃的职场收入。由此可以推知，高等教育的真实成本包括支付的学费和放弃的职场收入，故答案为A)。B)“大学的学费成本近来持续上升”，该段第五句提到，大学的学费成本近来有所上升，但并未指出是持续上升，故排除；C)“虚弱的经济导致大学的机会成本上升”，该段第五句直接提到，大学的机会成本由于虚弱的经济而在过去的几年里下降了，该选项与原文陈述相悖，故排除；D)“大学的总成本与40年前一样”，该段最后一句指出，四年制学位的平均“总”成本并不比40年前高多少，这表明平均“总”成本还是比40年前高一些，故排除。
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