首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
The Science of Conferring Human Capabilities on Machines Since the dawn of human ingenuity, people have devised ever more cu
The Science of Conferring Human Capabilities on Machines Since the dawn of human ingenuity, people have devised ever more cu
admin
2011-05-14
75
问题
The Science of Conferring Human Capabilities on Machines
Since the dawn of human ingenuity, people have devised ever more cunning tools to cope with work that is dangerous, boring, burdensome, or just plain nasty. That compulsion has resulted in robotics—the science of conferring various human capabilities on machines. And if scientists have yet to create the mechanical version of science fiction, they have begun to come close.
As a result, the modern world is increasingly populated by intelligent gizmos whose presence we barely notice but whose universal existence has removed much human labor. Our factories hum to the rhythm of robot assembly arms. Our banking is done at automated teller terminals that thank us with mechanical politeness for the transaction. Our subway trains are controlled by tireless robot -drivers. And thanks to the continual miniaturization of electronics and micro -mechanics, there are already robot systems that can perform some kinds of brain and bone surgery with submillimeter accuracy—far greater precision than highly skilled physicians can achieve with their hands alone.
But if robots are to reach the next stage of laborsaving utility, they will have to operate with less human supervision and be able to make at least a few decisions for themselves— goals that pose a real challenge. "While we know how to tell a robot to handle a specific error," says Dave Lavery, manager of a robotics program at NASA, "we can’t yet give a robot enough ’common sense’ to reliably interact with a dynamic world. "
Indeed the quest for true artificial intelligence has produced very mixed results. Despite a spell of initial optimism in the 1960s and 1970s when it appeared that transistor circuits and microprocessors might be able to copy the action of the human brain by the year 2010, researchers lately have begun to extend that forecast by decades if not centuries.
What they found, in attempting to model thought, is that the human brain’s roughly one hundred billion nerve cells are much more talented—and human perception far more complicated—than previously imagined. They have built robots that can recognize the error of a machine panel by a fraction of a millimeter in a controlled factory environment. But the human mind can glimpse a rapidly changing scene and immediately disregard the 98 percent that is irrelevant, instantaneously focusing on the monkey at the side of a winding forest road or the single suspicious face in a big crowd. The most advanced computer systems on Earth can’t approach that kind of ability, and neuroscientists still don’t know quite how we do it.
According to the text, what is beyond man’s ability now is to design a robot that can
选项
A、fulfill delicate tasks like performing brain surgery
B、interact with human beings verbally
C、have a little common sense
D、respond independently to a changing world
答案
D
解析
本题难度较大。根据第三段第一句“But if robots are to reach the next stage...goals that pose a real challenge.”和最后一句“we can’t yet give a robot enough’common sense’to reliably interact with 8 dynamic world.”和近义替换原则,答案应是D项。第一句challenge(挑战)一词表明机器人也会有不能的事,而最后一句直接说出还不能选出能独立处理事务的机器人,答案D项是对最后一句的近义改写。A项、B项属于文不答题,与题干中的beyond要求不符,C项与文中提到的enough相矛盾,所以也不对。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/WvQd777K
本试题收录于:
职称英语理工类B级题库职称英语分类
0
职称英语理工类B级
职称英语
相关试题推荐
Therehasbeenaboomineconomyinrecentyears.
TheStoryofLaniFive-year-oldLanistilltakessevenmedicineswithherbreakfasteverymorning."She’sverygoodaboutit
A.imaginativelyB.recentlyC.carefullyD.unscientificallyE.accidentallyF.satisfactorilySchaeferfoundawayofhowto
EthnicTensionsinBelgiumBelgiumhasgiventheworldAudreyHepburn,ReneMagritte(surrealistartist),thesaxophone(萨克斯管)an
FamousAmericanFoodsWhat,besideschildren,connectsmothersaroundtheworldandacrosstheseasoftime?It’schicken
Thisspecieshasnearlydiedoutbecauseitshabitatisbeingdestroyed.
Thepolicemanwrotedownalltheparticularsoftheaccident.
AManagement’sReactiontotheLaborMovementBTheDeclineofanEarlyUnionCReasonsforStartingaUnionDComparisonbe
LateralThinkingLateralthinking(迂回思维),firstdescribedbyEdwarddeBonoin1967,isjustafewyearsolderthanEdward
随机试题
挖沟槽、基坑需支挡土板时,其宽度按图示沟槽、基坑底宽,单面加()cm,双面加20cm计算。
甲肝的主要传染源为__________和__________,自__________至__________传染性较强。
筒箭毒碱的作用有
患者,女性,35岁。孕32周,突然全身抽搐,持续约2分钟,家人即将其送往医院检查:血压165/100mmlHg,胎头先露,胎心率145次/分。有不规律宫缩。该病例最有必要采取的辅助检查是
自然人是民法上的概念,自然人一定是公民,公民不一定是自然人。()
幼儿园教育活动的内容应根据教育目的,幼儿的实际水平和兴趣,以()为原则,有计划地选择和组织。
实现()是中国共产党人的一贯主张,是发展中国特色社会主义的重大任务。
从所给的四个选项中,选择最合适的一个填入问号处,使之呈现一定的规律性()
(66)Highunemploymentrates,especialamongyoungworkers,haveledtoprotestsincountriesasvariedasLatvia,Chile,Greece
A、AcollectionofbirdfossilsfromAustralia.B、Photographsofcertainrarefossilexhibits.C、Someancientwallpaintingsfrom
最新回复
(
0
)