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  3. The public must be able to understand the basics of science to make informed decisions. Perhaps the most dramatic example of the

The public must be able to understand the basics of science to make informed decisions. Perhaps the most dramatic example of the

admin2021-01-08  81
问题     The public must be able to understand the basics of science to make informed decisions. Perhaps the most dramatic example of the negative consequences of poor communication between scientists and the public is the issue of climate change, where a variety of factors, not the least of which is a breakdown in the transmission of fundamental climate data to the general public, has contributed to widespread mistrust and misunderstanding of scientists and their research.
    The issue of climate change also illustrates how the public acceptance and understanding of science (or the lack of it) can influence governmental decision-making with regard to regulation, science policy and research funding.
    However, the importance of effective communication with a general audience is not limited to hot issues like climate change. It is also critical for socially charged neuroscience issues such as the genetic basis for a particular behavior, the therapeutic potential of stem cell therapy for neurodegenerative diseases, or the use of animal models, areas where the public understanding of science can also influence policy and funding decisions. Furthermore, with continuing advances in individual genome (基因组) sequencing and the advent of personalized medicine, more non-scientists will need to be comfortable analyzing complex scientific information to make decisions that directly affect their quality of life.
    Science journalism is the main channel for the popularization of scientific information among the public.
    Much has been written about how the relationship between scientists and the media can shape the efficient transmission of scientific advances to the public. Good science journalists are specialists in making complex topics accessible to a general audience, while adhering to scientific accuracy.
    Unfortunately, pieces of science journalism can also oversimplify and generalize their subject material to the point that the basic information conveyed is obscured or at worst, obviously wrong. The impact of a basic discovery on human health can be exaggerated so that the public thinks a miraculous cure is a few months to years away when in reality the significance of the study is far more limited.
    Even though scientists play a part in transmitting information to journalists and ultimately the public, too often the blame for ineffective communication is placed on the side of the journalists. We believe that at least part of the problem lies in places other than the interaction between scientists and members of the media, and exists because for one thing we underestimate how difficult it is for scientists to communicate effectively with a diversity of audiences, and for another most scientists do not receive formal training in science communication.
What should scientists do to impart their latest findings to the public more effectively?
选项 A、Give training to science journalists.
B、Stimulate public interest in science.
C、Seek timely assistance from the media.
D、Improve their communication skills.
答案D
解析 推理题。原文最后一段最后一句提到，科学家和公众之间存在交流问题的原因有两个，其一是我们低估了科学家和多元化的观众有效沟通的难度；另一方面，大部分科学家没有接受过科学传播方面的正式培训。由此可知，科学家可以接受科学传播方面的培训，提高沟通技巧，故答案为D，同时排除A项。B、C两项原文均未提及，故排除。
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