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  3. I can tap my smartphone and a cab will arrive almost immediately. Another tap will tell me the latest news, value my share portf

I can tap my smartphone and a cab will arrive almost immediately. Another tap will tell me the latest news, value my share portf

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问题    I can tap my smartphone and a cab will arrive almost immediately. Another tap will tell me the latest news, value my share portfolio or give me route directions to my next meeting. As a result, I do not need to stand on a street corner vainly trying to hail a taxi to the theatre, lose myself in London streets. The changes that have occurred in the past decade have, from an economic perspective, increased at virtually no cost the efficiency of household production.
   The data framework within which economic analysis is conducted is largely the product of the second world war. In the 1930s American economist Simon Kuznets began to elaborate a system of national accounts. That work was given impetus when the war led governments to take control of important sectors of economic activity. It was soon realized that this required far better data than had previously existed, which in turn raised the challenge of how best to structure such information.
   Household production—women’ s work as homemakers—did not have much of a look-in; that was not the front line against fascism. The joke about the man who reduced national income by marrying his housekeeper, so that a market transaction became part of household production, was once a mandatory part of every introductory course on national income accounting but has succumbed to political correctness.
   Technological advance has always enhanced household as well as business efficiency. Our domestic productivity has benefited from washing machines, vacuum cleaners and central heating, and before that from electric light and automobiles. But at least these things were partially accounted for: from an economic perspective a car is a faster and cheaper horse. Statisticians in principle incorporated these improvements in the efficiency of consumer goods into their measurement of productivity, though in practice they did not try very hard.
   But the technological advances of the past decade seem to have increased the efficiency of households, rather than the efficiency of businesses, to an unusual extent. An ereader in the pocket replaces a roomful of books, and all the world’ s music is streamed to my computer. We look at aggregate statistics and worry about the slowdown in growth and productivity. But the evidence of our eyes seems to tell a different story.
Creating the system of national accounts was given impetus when______.
选项 A、governments controlled the important sectors of economic activity during the war
B、people realized this demanded far better data
C、it began to raise the challenge of how best to structure such information
D、it needed more data than before
答案A
解析 细节题。根据题干关键词system of national accounts和impetus定位至第二段第 二、三句：In the 1930s American economist Simon Kuznets began to elaborate a system of national accounts．That work was given impetus when the war led governments to take con trol of important sectors of economic activity．此句意为“20世纪30年代，美国经济学家西 蒙.库兹涅茨开始创建国民核算体系。当战争导致政府控制经济活动的重要领域时，这 项工作被赋予了动力。”故A项“政府在战争中控制了经济活动的重要领域”符合题意， 为正确答案。B项“人们意识到这项研究需要更好的数据”，C项“它带来了该如何最好 地构建此类信息的挑战”和D项“它需要比以前更多的数据”均是对其他无关信息的描 述，故排除。做对此题的关键在于正确定位。
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