2. 外语
  3. The newspaper must provide for the reader the facts; unalloyed, unbiased, objectively selected facts. However, in these days of

The newspaper must provide for the reader the facts; unalloyed, unbiased, objectively selected facts. However, in these days of

admin2010-01-15  91
问题      The newspaper must provide for the reader the facts; unalloyed, unbiased, objectively selected facts. However, in these days of complex news it must provide more; it must supply interpretation, the meaning of the facts. This is the most important assignment confronting American journalism--to make clear to the reader the problems of the day, to make international news as understandable as community news, to recognize that there is no longer any such thing (with the possible exception of such scribbling as society and club news) as "local" news, because any event in the international area has a local reaction in manpower draft, in economic strain, in terms, indeed, of our very way of life.
     There is in journalism a widespread view that when you embark on interpretation, you are entering wavy and dangerous waters, the swirling tides of opinion. This is nonsense.
     The opponents of interpretation insist that the writer and the editor shall confine himself to the "facts". This insistence raise two questions: What are the facts? And: Are the bare facts enough?
     As to the first query, consider how a so-called "factual" story comes about. The reporter collects, say, fifty facts out of these fifty, his space allotment being necessarily restricted, he selects the ten which he considers the most important. This is Judgment Number One. Then he or his editor decides which of these ten facts shall constitute the lead of the piece. (This is an important decision because many readers do not proceed beyond the first paragraph.) This is Judgment Number Two. Then the night editor determines whether the article shall be presented on Page One, where it has a large impact, or on Page Twenty-four, where it has little. Judgment Number Three.
     Thus, in the presentation of a so-called "factual" or "objective" story, at least three judgments are involved. They are judgments not at all unlike those involved in interpretation, in which reporter and editor, calling upon their research resources, their general background, and their "new neutralism", arrive at a conclusion as to the significance of the news.
     The two areas of judgment, presentation of the news and its interpretation, are both objective rather than subjective processes--as objective, that is, as any human being can be. (Note in passing: even through complete objectivity can never be achieved; nevertheless, the ideal must always be the beacon on the murky news channels.) If an editor is intent on slanting the news, he can do it in other ways and more effectively than by interpretation. He can do it by the selection of those facts that support his particular appeal. He can also do it by the play he gives a story--promoting it to Page One or demoting it to Page Thirty.
Who might be the readers of this passage?
选项 A、Newspaper advertisers.
B、Government officials.
C、Students of the media.
D、Would-be reporters.
答案D
解析 整篇文章先介绍的是报纸上文章(新闻)该怎样写(第一段)，接着论述读者读到的新闻经历的过程(第四段)，再后来(最后一段)分析“客观”与“主观”的差异。所以，这篇文章的主要读者可能是将来的新闻记者。
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