首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
There are both great similarities and considerable diversity in the ecosystems that evolved on the islands of Oceania in and aro
There are both great similarities and considerable diversity in the ecosystems that evolved on the islands of Oceania in and aro
admin
2022-07-08
54
问题
There are both great similarities and considerable diversity in the ecosystems that evolved on the islands of Oceania in and around the Pacific Ocean. The islands, such as New Zealand, that were originally parts of continents still carry some small plant and animal remnants of their earlier biota (animal and plant life), and they also have been extensively modified by evolution, adaptation, and the arrival of new species. By contrast, the other islands, which emerged via geological processes such as volcanism, possessed no terrestrial life, but over long periods, winds, ocean currents, and the feet, feathers, and digestive tracts of birds brought the seeds of plants and a few species of animals. Only those species with ways of spreading to these islands were able to undertake the long journeys, and the various factors at play resulted in diverse combinations of new colonists on the islands. One estimate is that the distribution of plants was 75 percent by birds, 23 percent by floating, and 2 percent by wind.
The migration of Oceanic biota was generally from west to east, with four major factors influencing their distribution and establishment. The first was the size and fertility of the islands on which they landed, with larger islands able to provide hospitality for a wider range of species. Second, the further east the islands, generally the less the species diversity, largely because of the distance that had to be crossed and because the eastern islands tended to be smaller, more scattered, and remote. This easterly decline in species diversity is well demonstrated by birds and coral fish. It is estimated that there were over 550 species of birds in New Guinea, 127 in the Solomon Islands, 54 in Fiji, and 17 in the Society Islands. From the west across the Pacific, the Bismarck Archipelago and the Solomon Islands have more than 90 families of shore fish (with many species within the families), Fyi has 50 families, and the Society Islands have 30.
Third, the latitude of the islands also influenced the biotic mix, as those islands in relatively cooler latitudes, notably New Zealand, were unsuited to supporting some of the tropical plants with which Pacific islands are generally associated.
Finally, a fourth major factor in species distribution, and indeed in the shaping of Pacific ecosystems, was wind. It takes little experience on Pacific islands to be aware that there are prevailing winds. To the north of the equator these are called north-easterlies, while to the south they are called south-easterlies. Further south, from about 30° south, the winds are generally from the west. As a result on nearly every island of significant size there is an ecological difference between its windward and leeward (away from the wind) sides. Apart from the wind action itself on plants and soils, wind has a major effect on rain distribution. The Big Island of Hawaii is often cited as a prime example; one can leave Kona on the leeward side in brilliant sunshine and drive across to the windward side where the city of Hilo is blanketed in mist and rain.
The passage supports which of the following statements about species on volcanic islands?
选项
A、Volcanic island species are unlike the species found in other Pacific Ocean locations.
B、Volcanic islands lack the diversity of species found elsewhere in the Pacific.
C、Volcanic island species are all transplants from distant locations and exist in combinations not found elsewhere.
D、Volcanic island species differ from those on other islands in that animal species show greater diversity than plant species do.
答案
C
解析
题目问“关于火山岛上的物种说法正确的选项”。根据第1段第3、4句,火山岛上本没有任何生物 (possessed no terrestrial life),而经过漫长岁月,风、洋流和鸟类带来了(thought)很多植物种子和外来物种,且在各种因素共同作用下使得岛上的物种类别与其他地区不同(diverse combinations of new colonists),故C项的表达概述了原文的这段话,符合题意。A项“火山岛上的物种跟太平洋其他地区的物种不同”,根据文意,火山岛上的物种是由其他地区迁徙过来的,因此有可能会在太平洋其他地区找到相似物种。故排除A项,同时也可排除B项“火山岛上不存在太平洋其他地区所具有的生物多样性”。D项“火山岛上的物种跟其他地区物种的主要差异在于动物种类比植物种类更为丰富”,在原文没有提及,故排除。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/X7MO777K
本试题收录于:
CATTI二级笔译综合能力题库翻译专业资格(CATTI)分类
0
CATTI二级笔译综合能力
翻译专业资格(CATTI)
相关试题推荐
Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothespeaker?
Accordingtothespeaker,whichoneisNOTtherealreasonforAmericanpeople’sunwillingnesstotakealltheirvacation?
Thereportbelievesthatsomecompaniestendtofalsifyabloodtestresult.
Whilelongwalksaregreat,campingforseveraldaysisabetter,more【C1】________experience.Campinggivesusalltheability
Whilelongwalksaregreat,campingforseveraldaysisabetter,more【C1】________experience.Campinggivesusalltheability
ToMrs.Navaroli,aformermerchandisingexecutivewho’snowastay-at-homemomtothecouple’sdaughters,ages5and8,theset
Ifthishistoryonlylaterbecameclear,whatwasimmediatelyobviouswasthatfindingthepipewouldbeamuchbiggerprojectt
Thecritic’sassessmentofthebookisthatitisbeautifullywritten.
ThegovernmentisgettingnothingdonebecauseBrexitoccupiesmostoftheirconsiderablecapacityforinternecinewarfare.
Priorto1975,unioneffortstoorganizepublic-sectorclericalworkers,mostofwhomarewomen,weresomewhatlimited.Thefact
随机试题
美国对外投资进行安全审查时拥有最终决定权的是【】
在重度等渗性缺水或休克时,输入大量的等渗盐水,可出现
患者,女,45岁,扁桃体炎反复发作lO余年。3年前体检时发现尿蛋白(++),镜下血尿3/HP。无明显高血压、水肿等症状,肾功能检查正常。诊断为“急性肾小球肾炎”,给予卧床休息、预防感染、对症支持治疗后好转。近1个月来感全身乏力,胃纳明显下降,咽喉部肿痛,尿
提高早期胃癌诊断率的三项关键性手段是
张某、方某共同出资,分别设立甲公司和丙公司。2013年3月1日,甲公司与乙公司签订了开发某房地产项目的《合作协议一》,约定如下:“甲公司将丙公司10%的股权转让给乙公司,乙公司在协议签订之日起三日内向甲公司支付首付款4000万元,尾款1000万元在次年3月
进出口商品的报检人对商检机构作出的检验结果有异议的,可以向( )申请复验。
个人贷款催收流程一般包括()
效率与公平是一对矛盾。竞争会带来效率,但不利于公平;保证公平又会挫伤积极性,降低效率。因此,我们在走向共同富裕的过程中应当坚持( )。
设连续型随机变量x的概率密度f(x)为偶函数,且F(x)=,则对任意常数a>0,P{|X|>a}为()
Rightnow,Internetphonecallsaretypicallymadeonacomputer,usingaspecialheadsetoronaphonewithaspecialadaptor.
最新回复
(
0
)