首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Some men steal out of need or greed; others kill themselves out of sadness. Putting together, these individual tales will displa
Some men steal out of need or greed; others kill themselves out of sadness. Putting together, these individual tales will displa
admin
2013-02-05
27
问题
Some men steal out of need or greed; others kill themselves out of sadness. Putting together, these individual tales will display obvious regularities. As a result, some social scientists who first applied the rules of probability to human affairs even questioned the very notion of free will. "Society prepares the crime," wrote Adolphe Quetelet, a Belgian statistician, in 1835,"and the guilty person is only the instrument."
The findings of those statisticians’ successors -- that poor children are more likely to fail at school, poor adults to commit crimes and die young, and so on -- are nowadays uncontroversial. And policymakers mostly avoid metaphysics (形而上学). Instead, they try to break such links by spending to "end child poverty" and by targeting health and education initiatives on the neediest. Yet such attempts are doomed to disappoint, because they conceive of each social ill in isolation, rather than treating their shared root cause. Moreover, they misidentify that cause: it is not poverty as such, but inequality.
The evidence, here painstakingly collected, is hard to dispute. Within the rich world, countries where incomes are more evenly distributed have longer-lived citizens and lower rates of fatness, misbehavior and teenage pregnancy than richer countries where wealth is more concentrated. Studies of British civil servants find that senior ones enjoy better health than their immediate subordinates, who in turn do better than those further down the ladder.
And the evidence is that the differences in status cause these "gradients (梯度)". Low-status Indian children do worse on tests if they must state their identities beforehand. High-status monkeys grew up in captivity(囚禁) show increased levels of stress hormones and become iii more often when they are moved to groups where they no longer dominate.
What to do about this sickness caused by other people’s wealth? Increasing taxes on the rich, or smaller , differences in pay in the first place, say the authors, citing Sweden and Japan as instances of the two choices. A decade ago even left-wing politicians were "intensely relaxed about people getting rich". Now, as it becomes clearer that some of the rich got that way by theft, the idea that they have also caused injury more subtly will gain a readier hearing.
Too ready, perhaps: what if the price of greater equality is lower growth? The .received wisdom is that rich rewards are necessary to stimulate the innovation on which growth depends. "No loss", say the authors," We have got close to the end of what economic growth can do for us." But that is a claim that needs to be supported, rather than simply made in a few sentences. If our ancestors had declared themselves thus satisfied, we would be without many things that we value -- and that they would have valued too, could they have imagined them. Should we be ready to give up joys we have never known?
The evidence collected shows us ______.
选项
A、concentrated wealth leads to people’s longer and happier life
B、lower-positioned people may enjoy higher health and relaxation
C、people in place no longer dominating will not feel stressed
D、identity exposed, lower-status people will perform worse than normal
答案
D
解析
推断题。作者首先用定位句指出,收集到的证据是不争的事实,然后开始举例说明:第四段第二句提到Low-status Indian children do worse on tests if they must state their identities beforehand,可推知身份较低的人身份在测验中被暴露时,他的表现会比平常糟糕,D符合题意。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/XJI7777K
0
大学英语六级
相关试题推荐
Scotlandisauniqueplace.IthassomeofthemostbeautifulcitiesinEurope,alivingevidenceofasplendidandproudpast.
Scotlandisauniqueplace.IthassomeofthemostbeautifulcitiesinEurope,alivingevidenceofasplendidandproudpast.
12ThingsI’veLearnedFromTravelingAroundtheWorldforThreeYearsOnMarch13,2007,Ihandedoverthekeystomyhouse
A、Forbidchildrentohavepets.B、StopbuyingpetsfromAfrica.C、Fightagainstmorenewdiseases.D、Easilygetinfectedbydise
A、Thosewhowillworkharderthanothers.B、Thosewhoknowmuchmorethanothers.C、Thosewhoareabletosolveproblems.D、Thos
Amidweakjobandhousingmarkets,consumersaresavingmoreandspendinglessthantheyhaveindecades,andindustryprofessio
AsToyotaandHummerhavelearned,growingtoofastcanbeadangerousthing.Fromitsorigins,successintheautoindustr
A、Internationalprogramsthatsaveparents’money.B、Domesticprogramsthatchargelittleornofees.C、Programsofferingfreeh
A、Quarrelingaboutapicture.B、Lookingfortheircat.C、Arrangingthehouse.D、Repairingtheirfurniture.C选项均为现在分词短语表明,本题可能考查正
A、Makingahotelreservation.B、Purchasingticketsattheboxoffice.C、Inquiringaboutticketsinformation.D、Bookingairticke
随机试题
A、①B、②C、③D、④A
最简单且有效的人工呼吸器是___________。
甲村与乙村相邻,甲村认为乙村侵犯了本村已取得的林地所有权,遂向省林业局申请裁决。省林业局裁决该林地所有权归乙村所有,甲村不服。按照《行政复议法》和《行政诉讼法》规定,关于甲村寻求救济的下列哪种说法是正确的?()
背景某机电设备安装公司经邀请招标投标,获得某10000T/D水泥熟料生产线的机电设备安装工程的总承包资格,并与业主签订了施工合同。合同规定工程范围、工期、质量标准、安全环境要求。其中质量标准和要求按部颁标准执行,主要材料如钢材、电缆、50以上的管
在某工程双代号网络计划中,如果以关键节点为完成节点的工作有3项,则该3项工作()。
在个人住房贷款中,合作机构的主要风险表现形式不包括()。
赵某购买一套商品住宅,成交价格为50万元,首期付款为房价的30%,余款向银行抵押贷款。该贷款的贷款期限为10年,贷款年利率为6%,采用按月等额还款方式偿还。在固定利率抵押贷款的情况下,对银行而言,出现提前还款风险的情形有()。
下列关于个人独资企业法律特征的表述,不符合个人独资企业法律制度规定的是()。
89-90基于以下题干:一般人认为,一个人80岁和他在30岁时相比,理解和记忆能力都显著减退。最近的一项调查显示,80岁的老人和30岁的年轻人在玩麻将时所表现出的理解和记忆能力没有明显差别。因此:认为一个人到了80岁理解和记忆能力会显著减退的看法是
SingingAlarmsCouldSavetheBlindIfyoucannotsee,youmaynotbeabletofindyourwayoutofaburningbuilding-andtha
最新回复
(
0
)