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  3. Cultures tend to favor either a past, or future orientation with regard to time. A future orientation, encompassing a preference

Cultures tend to favor either a past, or future orientation with regard to time. A future orientation, encompassing a preference

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问题     Cultures tend to favor either a past, or future orientation with regard to time. A future orientation, encompassing a preference for change, is characteristic of American culture. The society encourages people to look to the future rather than to the past. Technological, social, and artistic trends change rapidly and affect people’s life styles and their relationships.
    Given the inclination toward change, it is not surprising that tradition plays a limited role in the American culture. Those who try to uphold traditional pattern of living or thought may be seen as rigid or "old-fashioned". In a society where change is so rapid, it is not uncommon for every generation to experience a "generation gap". Sometimes parents struggle to understand the values of their children, even religious institutions have had to adapt to contemporary need of their followers. Folk singers in church services, women religious leaders, slang versions of the Bible, all reflect attempts made by traditional institutions to "keep up with the times".
    High rates of change, particularly in urban areas, have contributed to a focus on the future rather than the past or present. Some Americans believe that the benefits of the future orientation are achievement and progress which enable them to have a high standard of living. Others believe that high blood pressure and stomach ulcers are the results of such a life style.
    As individuals in a culture, we all have an intuitive understanding about how time is regulated, usually we do not think about the concept of time until we interact with others who have a different time orientation. Although individuals from any now cultures may view time similarly, we often sense that in another culture, life seems to proceed at either a slower or faster pace. Knowing how time is regulated, divided, and perceived can provide valuable insights into individuals and their culture.
The American orientation toward the future might be demonstrated by ______.
选项 A、the presence of religious institutions
B、the preference for "old-fashioned" parents
C、the limited role of tradition
D、the presence of folk singers in church services
答案C
解析 本题为推断题。与本题相关的细节在第二段第一句：“假设有变化的倾向，那么传统在美国文化中起了有限的作用就不足为怪了。”第一段将美国文化着眼于未来即倾向于变化，那么本题的对未来的趋向即是对变化的趋向，因此选项C为正确答案。
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