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  3. The first modern computer was built at Harvard University in 1944. It was the first machine that could automatically carry out a

The first modern computer was built at Harvard University in 1944. It was the first machine that could automatically carry out a

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问题     The first modern computer was built at Harvard University in 1944. It was the first machine that could automatically carry out a long list of calculations, all in the proper order. It used mechanical and electronic parts. In the years that followed, computers became much more complicated, much faster in operation, and very widely used in science and in business.
    This came about for two main reasons. Firstly, scientists and engineers needed correct answers to important and complicated problems. Say a group of engineers were building a new type of rocket engine. An important question might be: "how should each part be designed cheaply and efficiently? " There are mathematical rules for calculating shapes, pressures, stresses, and efficiency.
    Other questions might be "Is our basic design a good one?" or "How much of each material do we need?" Again, there are mathematical rules which can be used to answer these questions. Mathematicians could write the questions for solving problems such as these. But the amount of calculation was too great for them to carry out. The invention of the automatic computer enabled them to solve such complicated problems.
    The second main reason for the development of computers is found in the world of business. Any big business had enormous quantities of records to keep, and thousands of calculations to make every week. It has records of every bit of material it buys and sells. It has records of wages and salaries to calculate and file. And probably it has to keep records of stocks of materials and production of goods. Before computers were invented, all these calculations had to be carried out, and all the records kept, by armies of accountants and clerks. Computers can do the same work more quickly and more accurately.
Before the computer was invented, calculations in business______.
选项 A、were carried out by armies
B、were made by a large number of accountants and clerks
C、were operated by recorders
D、were calculated by businessmen
答案B
解析
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