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  3. Seven years ago Beijing’s government set a target of making the city a "livable" one by 2020, with "fresh air and a beautiful en

Seven years ago Beijing’s government set a target of making the city a "livable" one by 2020, with "fresh air and a beautiful en

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问题     Seven years ago Beijing’s government set a target of making the city a "livable" one by 2020, with "fresh air and a beautiful environment". Few praise its progress. Complaints abound about its congestion, pollution, desperate shortage of water and hugely expensive housing. Even in the state-controlled media, suggestions are sometimes made that it is time to build a new capital.
    Beijing has been China’s capital for most of the past 600 years. Since the Communist victory in 1949, the Chinese have been taught to revere the city as an embodiment of China’s power, the party’s might and their country’ s glorious history. To propose a move strikes many as heretical. In recent years, however, some have broken ranks. In 2000 even China’s then Prime Minister, Zhu Rongji, joined the sceptics. The capital, he declared, might have to move if measures to curb its sandstorms failed.
    Since then officials have claimed some success in reducing the frequency of these lung-clogging calamities. But other problems have grown. Beijingers fed up with traffic gridlock sometimes pronounce the word "shoudu", meaning capital, in a different tone so that it sounds like "the most congested". For much of the year a grey blanket of pollutants shrouds the city. The rate of birth defects has doubled over the past decade. The environment is thought to be a contributory factor. Several scholars have suggested, in newspapers as well as online, that these and other problems would best be solved by relocating the central government.
    Beijing’s bureaucrats are unlikely to be persuaded. Their privileges, common to all those registered as Beijing citizens (i.e. not migrants from other provinces), include readier access than most other Chinese have to some of the country’s best educational and medical facilities. Some local officials in places favored by scholars as potential capital sites have been proclaiming their merits. But given the allure of Beijing’s amenities, it is little wonder that the central authorities keep quiet.
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答案 7年前，北京政府曾定下目标，要在2020年之前将北京建设成为“空气清新、环境优美’，的“宜居城市”。至今这方面鲜有进展。相反，人们却对北京拥堵的交通、严重的污染、极度的水资源短缺和高昂的房价怨声载道。现在即使是国家控制的媒体也提出迁都的建议。 北京在过去的600年的大部分时间里一直都是中国的首都。自从1949年共产党胜利以来，中国人一直把北京尊为中国国力、党威和国家光辉历史的象征。对很多人来说，迁都这种提议简直就是异端。8．然而最近几年中，一些人却发出了不同的声音。2000年，中国当时的总理朱镕基也加入到“异端者”的队伍。他指出，如果沙尘暴不能得到控制，迁都只是时间问题。 从那时起，官方声称对于这些能使肺部堵塞的灾害的治理初见成效。但与此同时，其他问题也在滋长。受够了交通拥堵的北京人有时在提及“首都”时，会故意换个调子把它说成“首堵”，讽刺北京是“最拥堵的城市”。一年的大部分时间里，北京都被一层灰蒙蒙的污染物所笼罩。在过去十年里，北京新生儿的出生缺陷率增长了一倍。环境问题无疑是一个重要的因素。一些学者在报纸和网络上提议，解决这些问题的最好方法就是迁都。 即便如此，北京的官僚们还是不太可能被说动。他们和所有拥有北京户口的人员居民(即非外省进京务工)一样享有特权，包括比其他地区居民更容易享有中国最好的教育和医疗设施。一些被学者们提名为新都候选地区的官员们已经为本地做起了宣传。但北京的优势仍具有吸引力，难怪中央当局对迁都的提议缄口不提。
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