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  3. Studies from 10 nations reveal that the rates of depression among women are twice as high as they are among men. Do women have a

Studies from 10 nations reveal that the rates of depression among women are twice as high as they are among men. Do women have a

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问题     Studies from 10 nations reveal that the rates of depression among women are twice as high as they are among men. Do women have a biological bent for depression, or are social double standards the major cause?
    Mental health workers have long noticed among the clinically depressed women take up a bigger proportion. Until recently, though, it was unclear whether more women than men were ill or, instead, whether more women sought help. In fact, a mounting collection of studies has confirmed that major depression is twice as common among women as it is among men. "This is one of the most consistent findings we have ever had," says Myrna M. Weissman of Columbia University.
    Scientists searching for explanations are challenged by the fact that a variety of cues prompt depression in different people. Sorting out which factors might have a greater influence on women has not proved easy. Both sexes stand an equal chance of inheriting major depression, so genes are most likely not to blame. Yet hormones and sleep cycles--which differ dramatically between the sexescan alter mood. Also, many workers have proposed that social discrimination might put women under high levels of stress.
    In 1990 an international group examines mood disorders. In the 10 nations reviewed so far, the team has found that among generations reaching maturity after 1945, depression seems to be on the rise and occurs at a younger age. Although overall incidence varies regionally, "everywhere the rates of depression among women are about twice as high as they are among men," Weissman says.
    In contrast, lifetime rates for manic-depressive illness do not differ according to sex or culture. Mark S. George and his colleagues at the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) recently studied which regions of the brain have greater blood flow during periods of depression. George found that "the brain activity of the men and women of depression looked very different. " He has since compared feelings of anger, anxiety and happiness, finding no such big a difference.
    Because one in five American women has a history of depression, especially as they often pursue therapy from other sources, sometimes on top of an anti-depressant clinic. Says Leibenluft: "It is remarkable how little work has been done on this subject. "  
What can we learn from the 3rd paragraph?
选项 A、Sleep cycles can have a big impact on the different moods between the sexes.
B、Scientists searching on this issue are challenging each other’s ideas and theories.
C、It has already been found out which reasons might have a greater influence on women’s depression.
D、Genes is the deciding factor, there is such a big difference between men and women in terms of depression.
答案A
解析 细节题；各个选项对第三段形成了覆盖，对考生的理解进行了较全面的考查。A选项是对“sleep cycles—which differ dramatically between the sexes—can alter mood”的同义表达，为正确选项。B选项把“Scientists are challenged by the fact that…”这样一个表示科研人员遇到的困难曲解成科研人员之间的理论论争，误选的同学对于原句的理解不够准确，注意这里challenge的用法，在阅读中多多体会词汇丰富的用法和含义。C把一个没有完成的猜测改变成一个已经被证实的事实，为干扰选项，提醒考生注意含有already的选项也是需要我们格外注意的。D的说法和原文的“so genes are most likebr notto blame”意义相反，应该排除。
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