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  3. College students are paying more. They are taking on more debt. They are accepting worse jobs after they graduate and earning le

College students are paying more. They are taking on more debt. They are accepting worse jobs after they graduate and earning le

admin2015-07-05  30
问题     College students are paying more. They are taking on more debt. They are accepting worse jobs after they graduate and earning less than they did just five years ago. So how could it possibly be true that college is more important than ever? The answer is sunscreen.
    College in today’s economy is like sunscreen on a scorchingly (炙热地) hot afternoon: You have to see the people who didn’t apply it to fully appreciate how important it is. The same way a scorching sun both makes sunscreen feel ineffective and makes it more crucial than ever, recessions can both make a college degree seem ineffective and make it more important than ever.
    One of the confusing things about college is that it’s hard to keep straight its price, cost, and value. The sticker price of college—that is, the published tuition—isn’t paid by most middle-class students, who receive grants, tuition breaks, and tax benefits. The average net price of a bachelor’s degree is still 55 percent lower than the sticker price today. For many students, tax benefits eliminate the full cost of an associate’s degree. College is much cheaper than advertised.
    But the true cost of higher education isn’t just the money you pay to attend school. It’s also the earnings you give up in the workforce. These lost earnings are quite apparent to, say, MBA applicants skipping $70,000 jobs to go to business school. Recessions lower the true cost of college because they make it easier to ignore the labor market for a few years and settle in for a degree. Even as the tuition cost of college has grown recently, the opportunity cost of college has fallen in the last few years because of the sick economy. The upshot is that, shockingly, the New York Fed found that the average "total" cost of a four-year degree isn’t much higher than it was 40 years ago.
    It’s a myth that the average wage of college grads is always rising. In fact, college-grad wages have spent as much time falling as rising since the 1970s. Real college wages fell between 1970 and 1982, rose between 1982 and the mid-2000s, and now they’re falling again. But everybody else’s wages are falling even faster. The "college premium" is still near all-time highs.
    The Internet is keenly excited today over a new Brookings study claiming that the student-loan crisis isn’t actually a crisis, since there’s no evidence that debtors are devoting a higher share of their monthly income to student loan payments. A second point it makes is clear and validated (验证) by other surveys by the New York Fed: Although student debtors owing more than $50,000 make up an outsized share of media reports about student debt, they make up a small share (less than 10 percent) of overall student debtors.
Which of the following is true about the wages of college grads?
选项 A、They keep going up and never fall.
B、They rise and decline alternately since the 1970s.
C、They show rapid upward trend nowadays.
D、They are going down faster than others’ wages.
答案B
解析 推理判断题。定位句指出，自从20世纪70年代起，大学毕业生工资上涨和下降的持续时间是相同的。大学生的实际工资在1970年至1982年间下降，在1982年至2005年前后上升，现在又再次下降。也就是说，大学生的毕业工资自20世纪70年代起就在交替上升和下降，故答案为B)。A)“大学毕业生的工资一直在上升，从未下降”，该段第一句提到，大学毕业生的平均工资一直在上涨，这是个谬论，这表明大学毕业生的平均工资不是一直在上涨，并且由该段第二句也可以知道，该选项与原文的表述相反，故排除；C)“大学毕业生的工资如今表现出快速上升的趋势”，该段第三句提到大学毕业生的工资在1982年至2005年前后上升，而现在又再次下降，其与原文陈述相反，故排除；D)“大学毕业生的工资比其他人的工资下降得快”，该段第四句指出其他所有人的工资正以更快的速度下降，该选项与原文的表述相反，故排除。
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