首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
In his lectures at the Lyceum, a school that remained for centuries one of the great centers of learning in Greece, Aristotle de
In his lectures at the Lyceum, a school that remained for centuries one of the great centers of learning in Greece, Aristotle de
admin
2019-01-25
69
问题
In his lectures at the Lyceum, a school that remained for centuries one of the great centers of learning in Greece, Aristotle defined the basic concepts and principles of many of the sciences.
【T1】
In the first place, Aristotle criticized Plato’s theory of Forms by arguing that forms could not exist by themselves but existed only in particular things, which are composed of both form and matter.
He understood substances as matter organized by a particular form.
Nature, for Aristotle, is an organic system of things whose forms make it possible to arrange them into classes comprising species and genera. Each species, he believed, has a form, purpose, and mode of development in terms of which it can be defined.【T2】
The aim of science is to define the essential forms, purposes, and modes of development of all species and to arrange them in their natural order in accordance with their complexities of form.
The main levels are the inanimate, the vegetative, the animal, and the rational.【T3】
The soul is the form of the body, and humans, whose rational soul is a higher form than the souls of other species on earth, are the highest species of perishable things.
The heavenly bodies, composed of an imperishable substance, or ether, and moved eternally in perfect circular motion by God, are still higher in the order of nature.
Aristotle’s political and ethical philosophy similarly developed out of a critical examination of Plato’s principles.【T4】
The standards of personal and social behavior, according to Aristotle, must be found in the scientific study of the natural tendencies of individuals and societies rather than in abstract realm of pure forms.
Less insistent therefore than Plato on a rigorous conformity to absolute principles, Aristotle regarded ethical rules as practical guides to a happy and well-rounded life. His emphasis on happiness, as the active fulfillment of natural capacities, expressed the attitude toward life held by cultivated Greeks of his time. In political theory, Aristotle agreed with Plato that a monarchy ruled by a wise king would be the ideal political structure, but he also recognized that societies differ in their needs and traditions and believed that a limited democracy is usually the best compromise.【T5】
In his theory of knowledge, Aristotle rejected the Platonic doctrine that knowledge is innate and insisted that it can be acquired only by generalization from experience.
He interpreted art as a means of pleasure and intellectual enlightenment rather than an instrument of moral education.
【T1】
选项
答案
起初,亚里士多德通过证明形式不能独自存在而仅仅存在于由形式和物质共同构成的特定物体中才能存在来批判柏拉图的形式理论。
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/XoCd777K
本试题收录于:
公共英语四级笔试题库公共英语(PETS)分类
0
公共英语四级笔试
公共英语(PETS)
相关试题推荐
Broadlyspeaking,theEnglishmanisaquiet,shy,reservedpersonwhoisfully【21】______onlyamongpeopleheknowswell.In
Broadlyspeaking,theEnglishmanisaquiet,shy,reservedpersonwhoisfully【21】______onlyamongpeopleheknowswell.In
Broadlyspeaking,theEnglishmanisaquiet,shy,reservedpersonwhoisfully【21】______onlyamongpeopleheknowswell.In
Broadlyspeaking,theEnglishmanisaquiet,shy,reservedpersonwhoisfully【21】______onlyamongpeopleheknowswell.In
Broadlyspeaking,theEnglishmanisaquiet,shy,reservedpersonwhoisfully【21】______onlyamongpeopleheknowswell.In
Broadlyspeaking,theEnglishmanisaquiet,shy,reservedpersonwhoisfully【21】______onlyamongpeopleheknowswell.In
Asweenterthe21stcentury,anewglobaleconomydrawsnationsevercloser.Butourgrowinginterdependence【21】______onm
Asweenterthe21stcentury,anewglobaleconomydrawsnationsevercloser.Butourgrowinginterdependence【21】______onm
Asweenterthe21stcentury,anewglobaleconomydrawsnationsevercloser.Butourgrowinginterdependence【21】______onm
Giventhelackoffitbetweengiftedstudentsandtheirschools,itisnotsurprisingthatsuchstudentsoftenhavelittlegood
随机试题
患者,男,30岁。因地震导致下身挤压伤,尿量15ml/h,尿中有蛋白、管型、红细胞,应考虑
患者,女,30岁。已婚3年不孕,月经2~3月一行,头晕耳鸣,腰酸腿软,畏寒肢冷,性欲淡漠,舌淡苔白,脉沉细而迟,治疗应首选
湿陷性土地区的建筑设计应符合的要求有()。
自动化仪表调校应遵循的原则有()。
下列适用加工贸易保证金台账的“空转”的是()。
计算机2000年问题,又叫做“千年虫”“电脑千禧年千年虫问题”或“千年危机”,是指在某些使用了计算机程序的智能系统中,由于其中的年份只使用两位十进制数来表示,因此当系统进行跨世纪的日期处理运算时,就会出现错误的结果,进而引发各种各样的系统功能紊乱甚至崩溃。
当农民伯伯对小麦植株一次性施肥过多时,小麦植株会出现萎蔫现象,甚至可能会出现烧苗的现象。当植株发生萎蔫时,最适宜采取的补救措施是()。
你在路边帮助了一位生病的考人,送他到医院,老人的家人赶到后却说是你撞伤了老人,你怎么处理?
论述领导权变理论。【苏州大学2016】
下列叙述中正确的是()。
最新回复
(
0
)