首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
The Science of Conferring Human Capabilities on Machines Since the dawn of human ingenuity, people have devised ever more cu
The Science of Conferring Human Capabilities on Machines Since the dawn of human ingenuity, people have devised ever more cu
admin
2011-05-14
44
问题
The Science of Conferring Human Capabilities on Machines
Since the dawn of human ingenuity, people have devised ever more cunning tools to cope with work that is dangerous, boring, burdensome, or just plain nasty. That compulsion has resulted in robotics—the science of conferring various human capabilities on machines. And if scientists have yet to create the mechanical version of science fiction, they have begun to come close.
As a result, the modern world is increasingly populated by intelligent gizmos whose presence we barely notice but whose universal existence has removed much human labor. Our factories hum to the rhythm of robot assembly arms. Our banking is done at automated teller terminals that thank us with mechanical politeness for the transaction. Our subway trains are controlled by tireless robot -drivers. And thanks to the continual miniaturization of electronics and micro -mechanics, there are already robot systems that can perform some kinds of brain and bone surgery with submillimeter accuracy—far greater precision than highly skilled physicians can achieve with their hands alone.
But if robots are to reach the next stage of laborsaving utility, they will have to operate with less human supervision and be able to make at least a few decisions for themselves— goals that pose a real challenge. "While we know how to tell a robot to handle a specific error," says Dave Lavery, manager of a robotics program at NASA, "we can’t yet give a robot enough ’common sense’ to reliably interact with a dynamic world. "
Indeed the quest for true artificial intelligence has produced very mixed results. Despite a spell of initial optimism in the 1960s and 1970s when it appeared that transistor circuits and microprocessors might be able to copy the action of the human brain by the year 2010, researchers lately have begun to extend that forecast by decades if not centuries.
What they found, in attempting to model thought, is that the human brain’s roughly one hundred billion nerve cells are much more talented—and human perception far more complicated—than previously imagined. They have built robots that can recognize the error of a machine panel by a fraction of a millimeter in a controlled factory environment. But the human mind can glimpse a rapidly changing scene and immediately disregard the 98 percent that is irrelevant, instantaneously focusing on the monkey at the side of a winding forest road or the single suspicious face in a big crowd. The most advanced computer systems on Earth can’t approach that kind of ability, and neuroscientists still don’t know quite how we do it.
Besides reducing human labor, robots can also______.
选项
A、make a few decisions for themselves
B、deal with some errors with human intervention
C、improve factory environments
D、cultivate human creativity
答案
B
解析
本题有一定难度。根据第三段第二句前半部分“While we know how to tell a robot to handle a specific error”和近义替换原则,答案应是B项。A项与第三段第一句的内容相矛盾,因为goals(目标)表明只是将来,机器人现在还不能独立地做决定。C项内容文中没有提及,D项颠倒了因果关系,所以都不对。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/XvQd777K
本试题收录于:
职称英语理工类B级题库职称英语分类
0
职称英语理工类B级
职称英语
相关试题推荐
NeighborDisputesDisputeswithyourneighborscanbecommon,anditiseasytounderstandwhypeoplecareaboutthemsomuc
FortyMayBetheNew30asScientistsRedefineAgeIs40reallythenew30?Inmanywayspeopletodayactyoungerthantheirp
TheStoryofLaniFive-year-oldLanistilltakessevenmedicineswithherbreakfasteverymorning."She’sverygoodaboutit
BreakfastStudiesshowthatchildrenwhoeatbreakfastdobetterinschool.Itdoesn’ttakemuchfurtherthoughttobelieve
Congratulations,ItWillBeABoy!Untiljustafewyearsago,makingababyboyoragirlwasprettymuchahit-or-missaff
Congratulations,ItWillBeABoy!Untiljustafewyearsago,makingababyboyoragirlwasprettymuchahit-or-missaff
IKnowJustHowYouFeelDoyoufeelsad?Happy?Angry?Youmaythinkthatthewayyoushowtheseemotionsisunique.Well,
AManagement’sReactiontotheLaborMovementBTheDeclineofanEarlyUnionCReasonsforStartingaUnionDComparisonbe
Hetoldthepolicethathehadthoughthonestlyabouttheethicsofwhathewasdoing.
Astheheadmastermadealongspeech,theceremonywasprolongedbytenminutes.
随机试题
通道的作用是什么?按信息交换方式它可分为哪几类?
明朝时凡是重大案件二次翻供不服判决的,根据皇帝诏令,可以由大理寺卿、都察院左都御史、通政使以及吏、户、礼、兵、刑、工六部尚书,称为:()
黄铜管道安装中,壁厚5~10mm时,焊前预热温度为()℃。
按工作原理分类的泵有()。
如果到11月份交割的时候,假设现货豆价跌到2000元/吨,11月合约期货价格跌至2100元/吨,此时农场主在期货市场平掉空头持仓,盈亏毛额为()元
正德公司准备在明年扩大生产规模,投资4000万元建设厂房和购买设备。为配合这一计划,公司预计明年净营运资金必须要增加1000万元,折旧金额也将增加为1200万元,同时遵循谨慎性原则,还需要计提200万元的长期资产减值准备。此外,公司明年将有800万元的应付
阅读下列说明,回答问题1至问题7,将解答写在答题纸的对应栏内。【说明】扫描技术是网络攻防的一种重要手段,在攻和防当中都有其重要意义。nmap是一个开放源码的网络扫描工具,可以查看网络系统中有哪些主机在运行以及哪些服务是开放的。nmap工具的命令
WhathavetheFordmotorcompany,GeneralMotor’sandHondadoneconcerningelectriccars?Whichautomanufacturersarestillp
VictimizationofaPersonwithaDisabilityAprimarydifferenceforapersonwithadisabilitywhobecomesacrimevictim,
Ascientistwhowantstopredictthewayinwhichconsumerswillspendtheirmoneymuststudyconsumerbehavior.Hemustobtain
最新回复
(
0
)