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  3. Recent findings suggest that visual signals are fed into at least three separate processing systems in the brain, each with its

Recent findings suggest that visual signals are fed into at least three separate processing systems in the brain, each with its

admin2020-08-17  20
问题     Recent findings suggest that visual signals are fed into at least three separate processing systems in the brain, each with its own distinct function. One system appears, to process information about shape perception; a second, information about color; a third, information about movement, location, and spatial organization. An understanding of the functions and capabilities of these three systems can shed light on how artists manipulate materials to create surprising visual effects.
    It is possible to summarize the functions of the three subsystems of the visual system as follows. The parvo system carries highly detailed information about stationary objects and about borders that are formed by contrasting colors. It does not, however, carry information about specific colors. Because much of the information about the shape of objects can be represented by their borders, we suspect that this system is important in shape perception. The blob system processes information about colors, but not about movement, shape discrimination, or depth. The magno system carries information about movement and depth. It is good at detecting motion but poor at scrutinizing stationary images. In addition it appears to be colorblind; it is unable to perceive borders that are visible only on the basis of color contrast.
    Cells in parvo system can distinguish between two colors at any relative brightness of the two. Cells in the color-blind magno system, on the other hand, are analogous to a black-and-white photograph in the way they function: they signal information about the brightness of surfaces but not about their colors. For any pair of colors there is a particular brightness ratio at which two colors, for example red and green, will appear as the same shade of gray in a black-and-white photograph, hence any border between them will vanish. Similarly at some relative red-to-green brightness level, the red and green will appear identical to the magno system. The red and green are then called equi-luminant. A border between two equi-luminant colors has color contrast but no luminance contrast.
    Many artists have seemed to be empirically aware of these underlying principles and have used them to maximize particular effects. Some of the peculiar effects of Op Art, for example, probably arise from color combinations that are strong activators of the parvo system but are weak stimuli for the magno system. An object that is equi-luminant with its background looks vibrant and unstable. The reason is that the parvo system can signal the object’s shape but the magno system cannot see its borders and therefore cannot signal either the movement or the position of the object. Hence it seems to jump around, drift, or vibrate on the canvas.
According to the passage, which of the following is true of the visual system?
选项 A、It consists of only three separate systems.
B、It processes visual signals in three consecutive stages.
C、It processes visual signals through separate processing systems in the brain.
D、It consists of a single hierarchical system rather than a multipartite system.
答案C
解析 事实细节题。第一段第一句提到，视觉信号与大脑中至少三个独立的接受系统有关，C项表述正确，故为答案。所包含的系统至少有三个，不是只有三个，A项表述错误，故排除；文中未提及三个系统之间是否连贯，故排除B项。第二段第一句指出，第一段中提到的三个系统是视觉系统的子系统，D项表述与原文相反，故排除。
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