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  3. Reading to oneself is a modern activity that was almost unknown to the scholars of the classical and medieval worlds, while duri

Reading to oneself is a modern activity that was almost unknown to the scholars of the classical and medieval worlds, while duri

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问题     Reading to oneself is a modern activity that was almost unknown to the scholars of the classical and medieval worlds, while during the fifteen century the term "reading" undoubtedly meant reading aloud. Only during the nineteenth did silent reading become commonplace. One should be wary, however, of assuming that silent reading came about simply because reading aloud is a distraction to others. Examination of factors related to the historical development of silent reading reveals that it became the usual mode of reading for most adult reading tasks mainly because the tasks themselves changed in character.
    The last century saw a steady gradual increase in literacy, and thus in the number of readers. As readers increased, the number of potential listeners decreased, and thus there was some reduction in the need to read aloud. Reading for the benefit of listeners grew less common, so came the flourishing of reading as a private activity in such public places as libraries, railway carriages and offices, where reading aloud would cause distraction to other readers.
    Towards the end of the century there was still considerable argument over whether books should be used for information or treated respectfully, and over whether the reading of material such as newspapers was in some way mentally weakening. Indeed this argument remains with us still in education. However, whatever its virtues were, the old shared literacy culture had gone and was replaced by the printed mass media on the one hand and by book and periodicals for a specialized readership on the other.
    By the end of the century students were being recommended to adopt attitudes to books and to use skills in reading them which were inappropriate, if not impossible, for the oral reader. The social, cultural and technological changes in the century had greatly altered what the term "reading" implied.
The emergence of the mass media and of specialized periodicals showed that______.
选项 A、standards of literacy had declined
B、printing techniques had improved
C、readers’interests had diversified
D、educationalists’attitudes had changed
答案C
解析 细节题。文中第三段讲到，无论其优点如何，古老的阅读文化已经成为过去。一方面它被印刷媒体取而代之，另一方面也被提供给专业读者的书籍和杂志所取代。最后一段又讲到，到本世纪末，老师建议学生们对书籍要有所选择，并运用各种阅读技巧，而这些技巧并不适用于朗读。本世纪的社会、文化和技术都在不断地发展，这极大地改变了“阅读”一词的含义。据此可知，大众媒体和专业期刊的出现表明读者的兴趣变得多样化。所以正确答案是C。
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