The environment is everything that surrounds us and can affect us in some way.

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问题 The environment is everything that surrounds us and can affect us in some way.
  
The environment is everything that surrounds us: plants, animals, buildings, country, air, water—literally everything that can affect us in any way. The environment of a town with its buildings and traffic and its noise and smells, where everyone is on top of everyone else, is a far cry from that of the countryside, with its fields and crops, its wild and domestic animals and its feeling of spaciousness. And the environment differs in different parts of the world.
    Ecology is the science of how living creatures and plant exist together and depend on each other and on the local environment. Where an environment is undisturbed, the ecology of an area is in balance, but if a creature is exterminated or an unfriendly species introduced, then the ecology of the district will upset—in other words, the balance of nature will be disturbed.
    Man is a part of the environment and has done more to upset the ecology during his short span on earth than any other living creature. He has done this by his ignorance, his thoughtless foolishness and wastefulness.
    He had poisoned the atmosphere and polluted both land and water. He has squandered the earth’s natural resources with no thought for the future, and has thought out the most savage ways of killing his fellow men—and every other sort of life at the same time.
    Since man has done so much damage, it is up to man to try to put matters right—if it is not already too late. If there is to be any remedy for our ills, that remedy ultimately lies in the hands of the young, and the sooner they start doing something about it, the better.
    One of the main causes of the earth’s troubles is that the world is overpopulated and that this overpopulation is growing at an ever increasing rate. At the same time we are using up our natural resources—fuels and mineral ores—at an ever increasing rate with no hope of replacing them.
    For many years the earth has been unable to provide enough food for these rapidly expanding populations and the position is steadily worsening since the fertility of some of our richest soils has been lost and vast areas that were once fertile lands have turned into barren deserts. And the trouble with deserts is that they tend to creep outwards on to the fertile soils. What is now the northern Sahara Desert was the cradle of the civilized world 2500 years old.
    Even at this moment many of the earth’s natural treasures are being destroyed, many valuable animals and plants are toeing killed off, and it is becoming increasingly difficult grow enough food to preserve much of the earth’s population from starvation. The situation is getting out of hand. Time is running out. But with your help, we may be able to reverse the trends which threaten our very existence.

选项 A、Right
B、Wrong

答案B

解析 本题需要进行一定的推断。独白最后一段首先指出生态遭到人们破坏的现状,然后在最后一句转折说:But with your help...our very existence (但在你们的帮助下我们可以扭转这种威胁我们自己生存的趋势),其中的your指的是听众。由这一句可知作者要表达的意思是,尽管形势严峻,但只要及时行动,还是可以扭转这种趋势的,也就是说作者的态度仍是乐观的,因此题句中的pessimistic (悲观的)不对。
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