2. 外语
  3. Is language, like food, a basic human need without which a child at a critical period of life can be starved and dam aged? Judgi

Is language, like food, a basic human need without which a child at a critical period of life can be starved and dam aged? Judgi

admin2011-01-02  60
问题    Is language, like food, a basic human need without which a child at a critical period of life can be starved and dam aged? Judging from the drastic experiment of Frederick I in the thirteenth century, it may be. Hoping to discover what language a child would speak if he heard no mother tongue, he told the nurses to keep silent.
   All the infants died before the first year. But clearly there was more than lack of language here. What was missing was good mothering. Without good mothering, in the first year of life especially, the capacity to survive is seriously affected.
   Today no such severe lack exists as that ordered by Frederick. Nevertheless, some children are still backward in speaking. Most often the reason for this is that the mother is insensitive to the signals of the infant, whose brain is programmed to learn language rapidly. If these sensitive periods are neglected, the ideal time for acquiring skills passes and they might never be learned so easily again. A bird learns to sing and to fly at the right time, but the process is slew and hard once the critical stage has passed.
   Experts suggest that speech stages are reached in a fixed sequence and at a constant age, but there are. cases where speech has started late in a child who eventually turns out to be of high IQ. At twelve weeks a baby smiles and makes vowel-like sounds; at twelve months he can speak simple words and understand simple commands; at eighteen months he has a vocabulary of three to five words. At three he knows about 1,000 words which he can put into sentences, and at four his language differs from that of his parents in style rather titan grammar.
   Recent evidence suggests that an infant is born with the capacity to speak. What is special about man’s brain, compared with that of the monkey, is the complex system which enables a child to connect the sight and feel of, say, a toy-bear with the sound pattern "toy bear". And even more incredible is the young brain’s ability to pick out an order in language from the mixture of sound around him, to analyse, to combine and recombine the parts of a language in new ways.
   But speech has to be induced, and this depends on interaction between the mother and the child, where the mother recognises the signals in the child’s babbling(咿哑学语) , grasping and smiling, and responds to them. Insensitivity of the mother to these signals dulls the interaction because the child gets discouraged and sends out only the obvious signals. Sensitivity to the child’s non-verbal signals is essential to the growth and development of language.
The reason some children are backward in speaking is most probably that ______.
选项 A、they are incapable of learning language rapidly
B、they are exposed to too much language of once
C、their mothers respond inadequately to their attempts to speak
D、their mothers are not intelligent enough to help them
答案C
解析 该题问：有些孩子不善于言辞的最可能的原因是什么?参考第三段第三句话Most often the reason for this is...to learn language rapidly与C句意思吻合，故C为正确答案。A与原文意思相反，B、D在原文中未提到，故 A、B、C均应排除。
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