首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Deer Populations of the Puget Sound A) Two species of deer have been prevalent in the Puget Sound area of Washington State in th
Deer Populations of the Puget Sound A) Two species of deer have been prevalent in the Puget Sound area of Washington State in th
admin
2017-03-01
40
问题
Deer Populations of the Puget Sound
A) Two species of deer have been prevalent in the Puget Sound area of Washington State in the Pacific Northwest of the United States. The black-tailed deer, lowland, west-side cousin of the mule deer of eastern Washington, is now the most common. The other species, the Columbian white-tailed deer, in earlier times was common in the open prairie country, it is now restricted to the low, marshy islands and flood plains along the lower Columbia River.
B) Nearly any kind of plant of the forest understory can be part of a deer’s diet. Where the forest inhibits the growth of grass and other meadow plants, the black-tailed deer browses on huckleberry, salal, dogwood , and almost any other shrub or herb. But this is fair-weather feeding. What keeps the black-tailed deer alive in the harsher seasons of plant decay and dormancy? One compensation for not hibernating is the built-in urge to migrate. Deer may move from high-elevation browse areas in summer down to the lowland areas in late fall. Even with snow on the ground, the high bushy understory is exposed; also snow and wind bring down leafy branches of cedar, hemlock, red alder, and other arboreal fodder.
C) The numbers of deer have fluctuated markedly since the entry of Europeans into Puget Sound country. The early explorers and settlers told of abundant deer in the early 1800s and yet almost in the same breath bemoaned the lack of this succulent game animal. Famous explorers of the north American frontier , Lewis and Clark had experienced great difficulty finding game west of the Rockies and not until the second of December did they kill their first elk. To keep 40 people alive that winter, they consumed approximately 150 elk and 20 deer. And when game moved out of the lowlands in early spring, the expedition decided to return east rather than face possible starvation. Later on in the early years of the nineteenth century, when Fort Vancouver became the headquarters of the Hudson’s Bay Company, deer populations continued to fluctuate. David Douglas, Scottish botanical explorer of the 1830s found a disturbing change in the animal life around the fort during the period between his first visit in 1825 and his final contact with the fort in 1832. A recent Douglas biographer states; "The deer which once picturesquely dotted the meadows around the fort were gone (in 1832), hunted to extermination in order to protect the crops."
D) Reduction in numbers of game should have boded ill for their survival in later times. A worsening of the plight of deer was to be expected as settlers encroached on the land, logging, burning, and clearing, eventually replacing a wilderness landscape with roads, cities, towns, and factories. No doubt the numbers of deer declined still further. Recall the fate of the Columbian white-tailed deer, now in a protected status.
E) But for the black-tailed deer, human pressure has had just the opposite effect. Wild life zoologist Hulmut Buechner (1953), in reviewing the nature of biotic changes in Washington through recorded time, Says that "since the early 1940s, the state has had more deer than at any other time in its history, the winter population fluctuating around approximately 320,000 deer (mule and black-tailed deer), which will yield about 65,000 of either sex and any age annually for an indefinite period. "
F) The causes of this population rebound are consequences of other human actions. First, the major predators of deer—wolves, cougar, and lynx—have been greatly reduced in numbers. Second, conservation has been insured by limiting times for and types of hunting. But the most profound reason for the restoration of high population numbers has been the gate of the forests. Great tracts of lowland country deforested by logging, fire, or both have become ideal feeding grounds of deer.
G) In addition to finding an increase of suitable browse, like huckleberry and vine maple, Arthur Einarsen, longtime game biologist in the Pacific Northwest, found quality of browse in the open areas to be substantially more nutritive. The protein content of shade-grown vegetation, for example, was much lower than that for plants grown in clearings.
H) Deer are the ruminant mammals forming the family Cervidae. Species in the family include white-tailed deer, mule deer such as black-tailed deer, elk, moose, red deer, reindeer (caribou), fallow deer, roe deer and chital.
I) Male deer of all species (except the Chinese water deer) and also female reindeer grow and shed new antlers each year. In this they differ from permanently horned animals such as antelope; these are in the same order as deer and may bear a superficial resemblance. The musk deer of Asia and water chevrotain (or mouse deer) of tropical African and Asian forests are not usually regarded as true deer and form their own families, Moschidae and Tragulidae, respectively.
J) Deer are widely distributed, with indigenous representatives in all continents except Antarctica and Australia, though Africa has only one native species, the red deer, confined to the Atlas Mountains in the northwest of the continent. However, fallow deer have been introduced to South Africa.
K) Deer live in a variety of biomes ranging from tundra to the tropical rainforest. While often associated with forests, many deer are ecotone species that live in transitional areas between forests and thickets (for cover) and prairie and savanna (open space).
L) The majority of large deer species inhabit temperate mixed forest, mountain mixed coniferous forest, tropical seasonal/dry forest, and savanna habitats around the world. Clearing open areas within forests to some extent may actually benefit deer populations by exposing the understory and allowing the types of grasses, weeds, and herbs to grow that deer like to eat.
M) Additionally, access to adjacent croplands may also benefit deer. However, adequate forest or plants must still be provided for populations to grow and thrive.
N) Small species of brocket deer and pudus of Central and South America, and muntjacs of Asia generally occupy dense forests and are less often seen in open spaces, with the possible exception of the Indian Muntjac.
O) There are also several species of deer that are highly specialized, and live almost exclusively in mountains, grasslands, swamps, and "wet" savannas, or riparian corridors surrounded by deserts. Some deer have a circumpolar distribution in both North America and Eurasia.
The black-tailed deer has some relationship with the mule deer of eastern Washington.
选项
答案
A
解析
转换题。根据black-tailed定位到A)段第二句,原句是:The black-tailed deer,low-land,west-side cousin of the mule deer of eastern Washington,is now the most common.意思是:现在最为常见的是黑尾鹿,生活在低洼地带,是华盛顿东部骡鹿在西部的表亲。由此可知black-tailed deer和mule deer有亲属关系。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/YFU7777K
0
大学英语六级
相关试题推荐
Newtechnologylinkstheworldasneverbefore.Ourplanethas【B1】______.It’snowa"globalvillage"wherecountriesareonlys
Ahappymarriageapparentlyisgoodmedicine,buthostilespousesmay【B1】______oneanother’shealth.Couplesinconflict-ridden
A、Aprofessionalwindowcleaner.B、Automotivesalesperson.C、Servicestationattendant.D、Grocerystoremanager.C预读选项可判断,本题是身份关
A、Motherandson.B、Lawyerandclient.C、Teacherandstudent.D、Dentistandpatient.D关键是抓听到能表明双方身份关系的信息,“张大嘴,让我看看哪里痛”和“吃到凉的或是热的
A、Choosingcosmetics.B、Takingphotos.C、Doinghairstyle.D、Playingagame.B男士指导女士摆姿势,女士说想先涂点口红,可见男士在为女士拍照。故答案为B。本题只要抓住男士提到的几个关
A、TheeruptedlavaB、Thedestructiveash.C、Theunbearableheat.D、Thepoisonousgas.BB是反复明确听到的信息。A先被女士提及,但随即被男士否定。原文出现了最高级the
July11Ileftonmytriptoday.Havingbeenoverseasbefore,Ifeltsomewhatateasewiththeideaoftraveling【B1】______.
A、BecausetheEarthisheavilypolluted.B、Becausenaturecannotrecycleitsresources.C、Becausemoreandmorepeopleliveont
A、Theeruptedlava.B、Thedestructiveash.C、Theunbearableheat.D、Thepoisonousgas.BB是反复明确听到的信息。A先被女士提及,但随即被男士否定。原文出现了最高级the
A、10.B、4.C、3.D、1.C短文说,Johnson全家用了三年的时间攒够了里程数才换了免费机票。故答案是C。四个选择是数字,初步猜测题目问的可能与数字细节有关,边听边做好笔记。
随机试题
“初级”、“大型”是_____。
关于高压和低压的定义。下面()划分是正确的。
计算机的存储器的每个单元容量通常都是()。
某城市输水管线长4.28km,DNl200钢管,管道埋深约5.0m,管线位于城市主干道路的非机动车道上。采用明开槽方法施工,沟槽土质为回填杂土及粉砂土。受交通条件制约,沟槽土方挖运和吊车下管安排在晚l0时~次日早6时进行,项目部办理了管线开挖占路手续。现场
某市音乐厅项目总建筑面积10530m2,主体建筑高度23.10m,台塔建筑高度为29.20m。该工程分为音乐厅主体和室外看台两部分。其中,音乐厅主体为乙等剧场,中型规模,耐火极限一级,地上五层,地上主要使用性质为观众厅(通高一层)、大堂、舞台及相关附属设
某企业为增值税一般纳税人,适用的所得税税率为25%。该企业于2014年9月5日对一生产线进行改扩建,改扩建前该固定资产的原价为2200万元,已累计计提折旧400万元,已提减值准备200万元。在改扩建过程中拆除被替换部件的账面价值为200万元,领用工程物资3
市民广场中有两块草坪,其中一块草坪是正方形,面积为400平方米,另一块草坪是圆形,其直径比正方形边长长10%,圆形草坪的面积是多少平方米?()
国际多式联运山多个总承运人负责全程的承运并直接对货主负责,组织两种以上的不同运输方式,跨国界进行联合运输。
互联网并非______、整齐划一的技术革命的产物,而是在各种混乱、争论和复杂的利益纠葛中发展成今天的规模和影响力。正是一个个小的草根网络,最终汇集成一个______的大潮流。填入划横线部分最恰当的一项是:
下列定义数组的语句中错误的是()。
最新回复
(
0
)