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  3. Lorries are responsible for over half of all cyclist deaths in London, a third across the UK as a whole, 43% of cycling fataliti

Lorries are responsible for over half of all cyclist deaths in London, a third across the UK as a whole, 43% of cycling fataliti

admin2016-09-24  43
问题     Lorries are responsible for over half of all cyclist deaths in London, a third across the UK as a whole, 43% of cycling fatalities in Belgium and 38% in the Netherlands. In all, about 1, 000 people die annually in Europe’s road traffic accidents, but a "direct vision" design concept could slash those figures by increasing the field of vision for drivers in front— and to the sides—of their lorries, according to a new report by Loughborough University.
    "Blind spots can be a significant factor in fatal accidents with lorries, " said Dr. Steve Sununerskill, one of the report’s co-authors. "The study shows that the size of these blind spots can be minimized through improved cab(驾驶室)design, the reduction of cab height and the addition of extra windows. "
    The proposed new lorry model would have an 80cm longer cab with a rounded nose, smaller dashboard, expanded glassed areas and a slightly lower driver position, panoramically expanding the range of sight from behind a lorry cab’s wheel.
    By contrast, truck drivers today sit in a position high above their engines in brick-shaped lorry cabs that leave them unable to see much of the movement around their vehicles.
    The paper analyzed 704 accidents involving heavy goods vehicles and found that 31% of road fatalities were caused by drivers pulling away, 19% were caused by left turns, 7% by right turns, and 25% from drivers reversing.
    Surprisingly, vehicles changing lanes were responsible for half of all accidents but no fatalities.
    The analysis indicates that " critical blind spots" in current models cannot be compensated for by the use of lorry driver’s mirrors, because of the time lapse between checking them, making observations through the window, and then pulling away from a junction.
    "If this tune period is four seconds, this is enough time for a cyclist to undertake the heavy goods vehicle, with the driver being unaware of his or her presence, " the paper says.
    Such weaknesses have been highlighted in other research but European rules have still tended to prioritize drivers’ "indirect vision"—or the line of sight they get from mirrors— over their blind spots.
    The EU’s existing law on lorry weights and dimensions makes this worse by forcing a design with particularly large blind spots, according to Transport and Environment(T&E), a green think tank.
    "Not only drivers, but politicians too need vision, " said William Todts, a senior policy officer for T&E. "It’s incomprehensible that we allow huge 36 tonne mammoths(庞然大物)on our roads without making sure the people behind the wheel actually see what’s going on. After decades of tinkering with(鼓捣)minors, we now have an opportunity to make direct vision compulsory in new lorry designs and save hundreds of lives, "
What is the purpose of the passage?
选项 A、To advocate a new policy or traffic control.
B、To introduce a new design of lorry cab to reduce accidents.
C、To render a new definition of "critical blind spots".
D、To offer a new report on the cyclist death rate in Europe.
答案B
解析 短文的目的是什么?介绍一种能减少交通事故的新型卡车。根据第一段最后一句，一种“直接的视觉”设计概念能让坐在前排的司机扩大视野，减少交通事故。
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